中国大学排名

Flower ·

更新时间:2024-09-21

· 664 次阅读

v1.0

import requests
import bs4
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
# 获取大学排名网页内容
def getHTMLText(url):
    try:
        headers = {'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0'}
        r = requests.get(url, timeout=30, headers=headers) #请求URL超时，产生超时异常
        r.raise_for_status() #如果转态不是200，引发HTTPError错误
        r.encoding = r.apparent_encoding 
        return r.text
    except:
        return ""
# 提取信息到合适的数据结构
def fillUnivList(ulist, html):
    soup = BeautifulSoup(html, "html.parser")
    for tr in soup.find('tbody').children:
        if isinstance(tr, bs4.element.Tag):
            tds = tr('td')
            ulist.append([tds[0].string, tds[1].string, tds[2].string, tds[3].string])
# 利用数据结构数据展示并输出结果            
def printUnivList(ulist, num):
#     tplt = "{0:^10}\t{1:{3}^10}\t{2:^10}\t{3:^10}"
#     print(tplt.format("排名", "学校名称", "省份", "总分", chr(12288))) #采用中文字符的空格填空 chr(12288)
#     for i in range(num):
#         u = ulist[i]
#         print(tplt.format(u[0], u[1], u[2], u[3], chr(12288)))
    tplt = "{0:^10}\t{1:{4}^10}\t{2:^10}\t{3:^10}"
    print(tplt.format("排名", "学校名称", "省份", "总分", chr(12288)))
    for i in range(num):
        u = ulist[i]
        print(tplt.format(u[0], u[1], u[2], u[3], chr(12288)))
# 主函数
def main():
    uinfo = []
    url = "http://www.zuihaodaxue.cn/zuihaodaxuepaiming2016.html"
    html = getHTMLText(url)
    fillUnivList(uinfo, html)
    printUnivList(uinfo, 10) #10 univs
main()

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v2.0

import requests
import bs4
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
# 获取大学排名网页内容
def getHTMLText(url):
    try:
        headers = {'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0'}
        r = requests.get(url, timeout=30, headers=headers) #请求URL超时，产生超时异常
        r.raise_for_status() #如果转态不是200，引发HTTPError错误
        r.encoding = r.apparent_encoding 
        return r.text
    except:
        return ""
# 提取信息到合适的数据结构
def fillUnivList(ulist, html):
    soup = BeautifulSoup(html, "html.parser")
    for tr in soup.find('tbody').children:
        if isinstance(tr, bs4.element.Tag):
            tds = tr('td')
            ulist.append([tds[0].string, tds[1].string, tds[2].string, tds[3].string])
# 利用数据结构数据展示并输出结果            
def printUnivList(ulist, num):
    tplt = "{0:^10}\t{1:{4}^10}\t{2:^10}\t{3:^10}"
    print(tplt.format("排名", "学校名称", "省份", "总分", chr(12288)))
    for i in range(num):
        u = ulist[i]
        print(tplt.format(u[0], u[1], u[2], u[3], chr(12288)))
# 保存数据
def saveUnivList(ulist, num):
    import pandas as pd
    for i in range(num):
        u = ulist[i]
#         print(u)
        df = pd.DataFrame([u]) # [u]
        try:
            df.to_csv("univRangking.csv", mode="a+", header=None, index=None, encoding="gbk")
#             print("成功")
        except:
            print("当前行数据写入失败")
# 主函数
def main():
    uinfo = []
    url = "http://www.zuihaodaxue.cn/zuihaodaxuepaiming2016.html"
    html = getHTMLText(url)
    fillUnivList(uinfo, html)
#     printUnivList(uinfo, 10) #10 univs
    saveUnivList(uinfo, 300) #前三百
main()

读取数据

df = pd.read_csv("univRangking.csv", engine="python", header=None, encoding="gbk")
df.columns = ["排名", "学校名称", "省份", "总分"]
df

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爬取中国大学排名并以csv格式存储

v2.1 爬取某一年份的数据

import requests
import bs4
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
# 获取大学排名网页内容
def getHTMLText(url):
    try:
        headers = {'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0'}
        r = requests.get(url, timeout=30, headers=headers) #请求URL超时，产生超时异常
        r.raise_for_status() #如果转态不是200，引发HTTPError错误
        r.encoding = r.apparent_encoding 
        return r.text
    except:
        return ""
# 提取信息到合适的数据结构
def fillUnivList(ulist, html):
    soup = BeautifulSoup(html, "html.parser")
    for tr in soup.find('tbody').children:
        if isinstance(tr, bs4.element.Tag):
            tds = tr('td')
            ulist.append([tds[0].string, tds[1].string, tds[2].string, tds[3].string])
# 利用数据结构数据展示并输出结果            
def printUnivList(ulist, num):
    tplt = "{0:^10}\t{1:{4}^10}\t{2:^10}\t{3:^10}"
    print(tplt.format("排名", "学校名称", "省份", "总分", chr(12288)))
    for i in range(num):
        u = ulist[i]
        print(tplt.format(u[0], u[1], u[2], u[3], chr(12288)))
# 保存数据
def saveUnivList(ulist, num, year):
    import pandas as pd
    for i in range(num):
        u = ulist[i]
#         print(u)
        df = pd.DataFrame([u]) # [u]
        try:
            df.to_csv("univRangking-%s.csv"%(year), mode="a+", header=None, index=None, encoding="gbk")
#             print("成功")
        except:
            print("当前行数据写入失败")
# 主函数
def main():
    year = int(input("爬取的年份:"))
    url = "http://www.zuihaodaxue.com/zuihaodaxuepaiming%s.html" %(year)
    uinfo = []
    html = getHTMLText(url)
    fillUnivList(uinfo, html)
    saveUnivList(uinfo, 300, year) #前三百
main()

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