nginx常用操作命令详解

Aggie ·

更新时间:2024-09-20

· 724 次阅读

一、常用命令：

二、注意要点

三、http请求配置

一、常用命令：

//开启服务：
start nginx
直接点击Nginx目录下的nginx.exe 
//停止服务：nginx停止命令stop与quit参数的区别在于stop是快速停止nginx，可能并不保存相关信息，quit是完整有序的停止nginx  ，并保存相关信息。nginx启动与停止命令的效果都可以通过Windows任务管理器中的进程选项卡观察。
nginx -s stop
nginx -s quit
//其他命令重启、关闭nginx
ps -ef | grep nginx
//从容停止Nginx
kill -QUIT 主进程号
//快速停止Nginx
kill -TERM 主进程号
//强制停止Nginx
pkill -9 nginx
//平滑重启nginx：
kill -HUP 主进程号
//重启服务：
nginx -s reload
//检查配置文件是否有语法操作
./nginx -t
//或者显示指定配置文件
./nginx -t -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

二、注意要点

动静分离要点，必须把访问服务器的端口写成nginx监听的端口，这样才能避免跨域
配置参数说明：
nigix做反向代理   
注意  :$proxy_port  与 :$server_port 区别
$server_port ：nigix监听的端口
$proxy_port ： 服务器真正访问的端口
#一般情况都用这个host
proxy_set_header   Host             $host;
#获取到用户真实IP配置
proxy_set_header   X-Real-IP        $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-For  $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

三、http请求配置

1、前后端分离普通配置

server {
    listen       8203;
    location / {
        root   /usr/www/validation-demo/h5-1-advance;
        index  index.html;
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;
        if ($request_filename ~* .*\.(?:htm|html)$){
            add_header Cache-Control "private, no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate, proxy-revalidate";
        }
    }
     location /api/ {
        proxy_pass   http://192.168.8.10:5001/;
    }
}

2、增加了HTTPS的前后端分离配置

server {
    listen 443;
    server_name www.huzhihui.com;
    ssl on;
    ssl_certificate   /etc/nginx/cert/5673168_www.huzhihui.com.pem;
    ssl_certificate_key  /etc/nginx/cert/5673168_www.huzhihui.com.key;
    ssl_session_timeout 5m;
    ssl_ciphers ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE:ECDH:AES:HIGH:!NULL:!aNULL:!MD5:!ADH:!RC4;
    ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
    location / {
      root   /alidata/view/eip-home;
      index  index.html;
      try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;
      if ($request_filename ~* .*\.(?:htm|html)$){
        add_header Cache-Control "private, no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate, proxy-revalidate";
      }
      expires 7d;
    }
    location /api/ {
      proxy_pass  http://127.0.0.1:56000/;
    }
  }
  server{
    listen 80;
    server_name www.huzhihui.com;
    rewrite  ^/(.*)$ https://www.huzhihui.com/$1 permanent;
  }

3、老项目强制HTTPS POST出现问题的解决方案

server{
    listen 80;
    server_name wx.huzhihui.cn;
    add_header Strict-Transport-Security max-age=15768000;
    location / {
      if ($request_method ~ ^(POST|DELETE|OPTIONS)$) {
        proxy_pass https://wx.huzhihui.cn;
          break ;
      }
      rewrite ^/(.*)$   https://wx.huzhihui.cn/$1 permanent;
    }
  }

4、普通前后端一起的工程网站部署

upstream web_servers {  
    server localhost:8080;  
    server localhost:8081;  
}  
server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  www.huzhihui.com;
    location / {
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header REMOTE-HOST $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_pass http://web_servers;
    }
    location ~.*\.(js|css)$ {
        root    /opt/static-resources;
        expires     12h;
    }
    location ~.*\.(html|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|gif|ico|mp3|mid|wma|mp4|swf|flv|rar|zip|txt|doc|ppt|xls|pdf)$ {
        root    /opt/static-resources;
        expires     7d;
    }
    error_page  404              /404.html;
    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
    }
}

5、动静分离+负载均衡配置

upstream web_servers {  
    server localhost:8080;  
    server localhost:8081;  
}  
server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  www.huzhihui.com;
    location / {
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header REMOTE-HOST $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_pass http://web_servers;
    }
    location ~.*\.(js|css)$ {
        root    /opt/static-resources;
        expires     12h;
    }
    location ~.*\.(html|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|gif|ico|mp3|mid|wma|mp4|swf|flv|rar|zip|txt|doc|ppt|xls|pdf)$ {
        root    /opt/static-resources;
        expires     7d;
    }
    error_page  404              /404.html;
    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
    }
}

6、通用https配置

server {
    listen 443;
    server_name www.huzhihui.com;
    ssl on;
    ssl_certificate   cert-tues/214069203020278.pem;
    ssl_certificate_key  cert-tues/214069203020278.key;
    ssl_session_timeout 5m;
    ssl_ciphers ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE:ECDH:AES:HIGH:!NULL:!aNULL:!MD5:!ADH:!RC4;
    ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
    location / {
        proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:9002/;
        proxy_redirect default;
        proxy_http_version 1.1;
        proxy_set_header   Host             $host;
        proxy_set_header   X-Real-IP        $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-For  $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
    }
}
server{
    listen 80;
    server_name www.huzhihui.com;
    rewrite  ^/(.*)$ https://server.ourtues.com/$1 permanent;
}

nginx配置

到此这篇关于nginx常用操作命令的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关nginx操作命令内容请搜索软件开发网以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持软件开发网！

Nginx

1024 个赞