Nginx location 和 proxy_pass路径配置问题小结

Xandy ·

更新时间:2024-09-20

· 1392 次阅读

一、Nginx location 基本配置

1.1、Nginx 配置文件

1.2 、Python 脚本

二、测试

2.1、测试 location

2.2、测试 location

2.3、测试三 location

2.4、location 不加

2.5、location 末尾

2.6、 location 末尾

三、总结

本文是基于 location 的匹配末尾是否配置 / 和 proxy_pass 末尾是否配置 / ，进行测试，完全还原了整个测试过程。帮助了解具体的情况。

一、Nginx location 基本配置 1.1、Nginx 配置文件


upstream test1{
server 127.0.0.1:8000;
}
upstream test2{
server 127.0.0.1:8000;
}
server{
server_name  test.com;
listen 80;
        access_log /usr/local/openresty/nginx/logs/test.com_access.log latest;
        error_log  /usr/local/openresty/nginx/logs/test.com.log error;
        proxy_set_header   Host             $host;
        proxy_set_header   X-Real-IP        $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-For  $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_connect_timeout   3s;
        proxy_read_timeout 120s;
        proxy_send_timeout 120s;
        proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_404 http_502 http_504 http_500;
        location /user/ {
proxy_set_header Connection "";
        proxy_http_version 1.1;
proxy_pass http://test1/;
}
        location / {
                proxy_set_header Connection "";
                proxy_http_version 1.1;
                proxy_pass http://test2/;
        }
}

1.2 、Python 脚本

python2 可以运行

该脚本用于获取请求内容。这个作为后端，也就是 proxy_pass 代理的后端。


#!/usr/bin/env python
import SimpleHTTPServer
import SocketServer
PORT = 8000
class GetHandler(SimpleHTTPServer.SimpleHTTPRequestHandler):
    def do_GET(self):
        print(self.headers)
        self.send_response(200, "")
    def do_POST(self):
        print(self.headers)
        content_length = self.headers.getheaders('content-length')
        length = int(content_length[0]) if content_length else 0
        print(self.rfile.read(length))
        self.send_response(200, "")
Handler = GetHandler
httpd = SocketServer.TCPServer(("", PORT), Handler)
httpd.serve_forever()

二、测试 2.1、测试 location

末尾存在 / 和 proxy_pass末尾存在 /

nginx配置如下


 location /user/ {
proxy_set_header Connection "";
        proxy_http_version 1.1;
proxy_pass http://test1/;
}

请求url

test.com/user/test.html

后端内容

打印的内容：


Host: test1
Content-Length: 0
User-Agent: PostmanRuntime/7.26.8
Accept: */*
Postman-Token: f2bfe770-4f44-4ee9-91c4-060f59dfb26c
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br
127.0.0.1 - - [10/Apr/2021 16:54:26] "POST /test.html HTTP/1.1" 200 -

小结论：proxy_pass 地址加了 / 的话，请求 test.com/user/test.html 实际请求是 http://test1/test.html。

2.2、测试 location

末尾存在 / 和 proxy_pass末尾不存在 /

nginx配置如下


 location /user/ {
proxy_set_header Connection "";
        proxy_http_version 1.1;
proxy_pass http://test1;
}

请求url

test.com/user/test.html

后端内容

打印的内容：

Host: test1
Content-Length: 0
User-Agent: PostmanRuntime/7.26.8
Accept: */*
Postman-Token: e33d0a2c-1965-4152-b87c-94fca50f2899
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br

127.0.0.1 - - [10/Apr/2021 16:57:18] "POST /user/test.html HTTP/1.1" 200 -

小结论： proxy_pass 地址不加了 / 的话，请求 test.com/user/test.html 实际请求是 http://test1/user/test.html

2.3、测试三 location

不加末尾 / 且 proxy_pass 不加末尾 /

nginx配置如下


 location /user {
proxy_set_header Connection "";
        proxy_http_version 1.1;
proxy_pass http://test1;
}

请求url

test.com/user/test.html

后端内容

打印的内容：

Host: test1
Content-Length: 0
User-Agent: PostmanRuntime/7.26.8
Accept: */*
Postman-Token: 31cd33c6-4c95-41b5-a095-28cdc7113dcd
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br

127.0.0.1 - - [10/Apr/2021 16:59:34] "POST /user/test.html HTTP/1.1" 200 -

请求 test.com/user/test.html 实际请求是 http://test1/user/test.html

2.4、location 不加

末尾 / 且 proxy_pass 加末尾 /

nginx配置如下


  location /user {
proxy_set_header Connection "";
        proxy_http_version 1.1;
proxy_pass http://test1/;
}

请求url

test.com/user/test.html

后端内容

打印的内容：

Host: test1
Content-Length: 0
User-Agent: PostmanRuntime/7.26.8
Accept: */*
Postman-Token: d0f4b83f-6482-41ba-8a01-c059eececc2d
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br

127.0.0.1 - - [10/Apr/2021 17:00:21] "POST //test.html HTTP/1.1" 200 -

请求 test.com/user/test.html 实际请求是 http://test1//test.html

2.5、location 末尾

有 / proxy_pass 末尾其他有路径,且末尾加 /

nginx配置如下


   location /user/ {
proxy_set_header Connection "";
        proxy_http_version 1.1;
proxy_pass http://test1/haha/;
}

请求url

test.com/user/test.html

后端内容

打印的内容：

Host: test1
Content-Length: 0
User-Agent: PostmanRuntime/7.26.8
Accept: */*
Postman-Token: 6447cf0b-5988-4f96-81a4-2b621fe32604
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br

127.0.0.1 - - [10/Apr/2021 17:03:27] "POST /haha/test.html HTTP/1.1" 200 -

请求 test.com/user/test.html 实际请求是 http://test1/haha/test.html

2.6、 location 末尾

有 / proxy_pass 末尾其他有路径,且末尾不加 /

nginx配置如下


 location /user/ {
proxy_set_header Connection "";
        proxy_http_version 1.1;
proxy_pass http://test1/haha;
}

请求url

test.com/user/test.html

后端内容

打印的内容：

Host: test1
Content-Length: 0
User-Agent: PostmanRuntime/7.26.8
Accept: */*
Postman-Token: 32fb2a50-1e7c-4131-9804-1828e21ca841
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br

127.0.0.1 - - [10/Apr/2021 17:05:03] "POST /hahatest.html HTTP/1.1" 200 -

请求 test.com/user/test.html 实际请求是 http://test1/hahatest.html

三、总结

序号访问URL location配置 proxy_pass配置后端接收的请求备注

1	test.com/user/test.html	/user/	http://test1/	/test.html
2	test.com/user/test.html	/user/	http://test1	/user/test.html
3	test.com/user/test.html	/user	http://test1	/user/test.html
4	test.com/user/test.html	/user	http://test1/	//test.html
5	test.com/user/test.html	/user/	http://test1/haha/	/haha/test.html
6	test.com/user/test.html	/user/	http://test1/haha	/hahatest.html