将表里的数据批量生成INSERT语句的存储过程增强版

Miki ·

更新时间:2024-11-15

· 520 次阅读

有时候，我们需要将某个表里的数据全部或者根据查询条件导出来，迁移到另一个相同结构的库中

目前SQL Server里面是没有相关的工具根据查询条件来生成INSERT语句的，只有借助第三方工具（third party tools）

这种脚本网上也有很多，但是网上的脚本还是欠缺一些规范和功能，例如：我只想导出特定查询条件的数据，网上的脚本都是导出全表数据

如果表很大，对性能会有很大影响

这里有一个存储过程（适用于SQLServer2005 或以上版本）


-- Author: <桦仔>
-- Blog: <http://www.cnblogs.com/lyhabc/>
-- Create date: <//>
-- Description: <根据查询条件导出表数据的insert脚本>
-- =============================================
CREATE PROCEDURE InsertGenerator
(
@tableName NVARCHAR(MAX),
@whereClause NVARCHAR(MAX)
)
AS 
--Then it includes a cursor to fetch column specific information (column name and the data type thereof) 
--from information_schema.columns pseudo entity and loop through for building the INSERT and VALUES clauses 
--of an INSERT DML statement.
DECLARE @string NVARCHAR(MAX) --for storing the first half of INSERT statement
DECLARE @stringData NVARCHAR(MAX) --for storing the data (VALUES) related statement
DECLARE @dataType NVARCHAR(MAX) --data types returned for respective columns
DECLARE @schemaName NVARCHAR(MAX) --schema name returned from sys.schemas
DECLARE @schemaNameCount int--shema count
DECLARE @QueryString NVARCHAR(MAX) -- provide for the whole query, 
set @QueryString=' '
--如果有多个schema，选择其中一个schema
SELECT @schemaNameCount=COUNT(*)
FROM sys.tables t
INNER JOIN sys.schemas s ON t.schema_id = s.schema_id
WHERE t.name = @tableName
WHILE(@schemaNameCount>)
BEGIN
--如果有多个schema，依次指定
select @schemaName = name 
from 
(
SELECT ROW_NUMBER() over(order by s.schema_id) RowID,s.name
FROM sys.tables t
INNER JOIN sys.schemas s ON t.schema_id = s.schema_id
WHERE t.name = @tableName
) as v
where RowID=@schemaNameCount
--Declare a cursor to retrieve column specific information 
--for the specified table
DECLARE cursCol CURSOR FAST_FORWARD
FOR
SELECT column_name ,
data_type
FROM information_schema.columns
WHERE table_name = @tableName
AND table_schema = @schemaName
OPEN cursCol
SET @string = 'INSERT INTO [' + @schemaName + '].[' + @tableName + ']('
SET @stringData = ''
DECLARE @colName NVARCHAR()
FETCH NEXT FROM cursCol INTO @colName, @dataType
PRINT @schemaName
PRINT @colName
IF @@fetch_status <> 
BEGIN
PRINT 'Table ' + @tableName + ' not found, processing skipped.'
CLOSE curscol
DEALLOCATE curscol
RETURN
END
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 
BEGIN
IF @dataType IN ( 'varchar', 'char', 'nchar', 'nvarchar' )
BEGIN
SET @stringData = @stringData + '''''''''+
isnull(' + @colName + ','''')+'''''',''+'
END
ELSE
IF @dataType IN ( 'text', 'ntext' ) --if the datatype 
--is text or something else 
BEGIN
SET @stringData = @stringData + '''''''''+
isnull(cast(' + @colName + ' as nvarchar(max)),'''')+'''''',''+'
END
ELSE
IF @dataType = 'money' --because money doesn't get converted 
--from varchar implicitly
BEGIN
SET @stringData = @stringData
+ '''convert(money,''''''+
isnull(cast(' + @colName
+ ' as nvarchar(max)),''.'')+''''''),''+'
END
ELSE
IF @dataType = 'datetime'
BEGIN
SET @stringData = @stringData
+ '''convert(datetime,''''''+
isnull(cast(' + @colName + ' as nvarchar(max)),'''')+''''''),''+'
END
ELSE
IF @dataType = 'image'
BEGIN
SET @stringData = @stringData + '''''''''+
isnull(cast(convert(varbinary,' + @colName + ') 
as varchar()),'''')+'''''',''+'
END
ELSE --presuming the data type is int,bit,numeric,decimal 
BEGIN
SET @stringData = @stringData + '''''''''+
isnull(cast(' + @colName + ' as nvarchar(max)),'''')+'''''',''+'
END
SET @string = @string + '[' + @colName + ']' + ','
FETCH NEXT FROM cursCol INTO @colName, @dataType
END
--After both of the clauses are built, the VALUES clause contains a trailing comma which needs to be replaced with a single quote. The prefixed clause will only face removal of the trailing comma.
DECLARE @Query NVARCHAR(MAX) -- provide for the whole query, 
-- you may increase the size
PRINT @whereClause
IF ( @whereClause IS NOT NULL
AND @whereClause <> ''
)
BEGIN 
SET @query = 'SELECT ''' + SUBSTRING(@string, , LEN(@string))
+ ') VALUES(''+ ' + SUBSTRING(@stringData, ,
LEN(@stringData) - )
+ '''+'')'' 
FROM ' +@schemaName+'.'+ @tableName + ' WHERE ' + @whereClause
PRINT @query
-- EXEC sp_executesql @query --load and run the built query
--Eventually, close and de-allocate the cursor created for columns information.
END
ELSE
BEGIN 
SET @query = 'SELECT ''' + SUBSTRING(@string, , LEN(@string))
+ ') VALUES(''+ ' + SUBSTRING(@stringData, ,
LEN(@stringData) - )
+ '''+'')'' 
FROM ' + @schemaName+'.'+ @tableName
END
CLOSE cursCol
DEALLOCATE cursCol
SET @schemaNameCount=@schemaNameCount-
IF(@schemaNameCount=)
BEGIN
SET @QueryString=@QueryString+@query
END
ELSE
BEGIN
SET @QueryString=@QueryString+@query+' UNION ALL '
END
PRINT convert(varchar(max),@schemaNameCount)+'---'+@QueryString
END
EXEC sp_executesql @QueryString --load and run the built query
--Eventually, close and de-allocate the cursor created for columns information.

这里要声明一下，如果你有多个schema，并且每个schema下面都有同一张表，那么脚本只会生成其中一个schema下面的表insert脚本

比如我现在有三个schema，下面都有customer这个表


CREATE TABLE dbo.[customer](city int,region int)
CREATE SCHEMA test
CREATE TABLE test.[customer](city int,region int)
CREATE SCHEMA test1
CREATE TABLE test1.[customer](city int,region int)

在执行脚本的时候他只会生成dbo这个schema下面的表insert脚本


INSERT INTO [dbo].[customer]([city],[region]) VALUES('1','2')

这个脚本有一个缺陷

无论你的表的字段是什麽数据类型，导出来的时候只能是字符

表结构


CREATE TABLE [dbo].[customer](city int,region int)

导出来的insert脚本


INSERT INTO [dbo].[customer]([city],[region]) VALUES('1','2')

我这里演示一下怎麽用

有两种方式

1、导全表数据


InsertGenerator 'customer', null

或


InsertGenerator 'customer', ' '

2、根据查询条件导数据


InsertGenerator 'customer', 'city=3'

或者


InsertGenerator 'customer', 'city=3 and region=8'

点击一下，选择全部

然后复制

新建一个查询窗口，然后粘贴

其实SQLServer的技巧有很多

最后，大家可以看一下代码，非常简单，如果要支持SQLServer2000，只要改一下代码就可以了

补充：创建一张测试表


CREATE TABLE testinsert (id INT,name VARCHAR(100),cash MONEY,dtime DATETIME)
INSERT INTO [dbo].[testinsert]
( [id], [name], [cash], [dtime] )
VALUES ( 1, -- id - int
'nihao', -- name - varchar(100)
8.8, -- cash - money
GETDATE() -- dtime - datetime
)
SELECT * FROM [dbo].[testinsert]

测试


InsertGenerator 'testinsert' ,''
InsertGenerator 'testinsert' ,'name=''nihao'''
InsertGenerator 'testinsert' ,'name=''nihao'' and cash=8.8'

datetime类型会有一些问题

生成的结果会自动帮你转换


INSERT INTO [dbo].[testinsert]([id],[name],[cash],[dtime]) VALUES('1','nihao',convert(money,'8.80'),convert(datetime,'02 8 2015 5:17PM'))

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

群里的人共享的另一个脚本


IF OBJECT_ID('spGenInsertSQL','P') IS NOT NULL 
DROP PROC spGenInsertSQL
GO
CREATE proc spGenInsertSQL (@tablename varchar(256),@number BIGINT,@whereClause NVARCHAR(MAX))
as
begin
declare @sql varchar(8000)
declare @sqlValues varchar(8000)
set @sql =' ('
set @sqlValues = 'values (''+'
select @sqlValues = @sqlValues + cols + ' + '','' + ' ,@sql = @sql + '[' + name + '],'
from
(select case
when xtype in (48,52,56,59,60,62,104,106,108,122,127) 
then 'case when '+ name +' is null then ''NULL'' else ' + 'cast('+ name + ' as varchar)'+' end'
when xtype in (58,61,40,41,42)
then 'case when '+ name +' is null then ''NULL'' else '+''''''''' + ' + 'cast('+ name +' as varchar)'+ '+'''''''''+' end'
when xtype in (167)
then 'case when '+ name +' is null then ''NULL'' else '+''''''''' + ' + 'replace('+ name+','''''''','''''''''''')' + '+'''''''''+' end'
when xtype in (231)
then 'case when '+ name +' is null then ''NULL'' else '+'''N'''''' + ' + 'replace('+ name+','''''''','''''''''''')' + '+'''''''''+' end'
when xtype in (175)
then 'case when '+ name +' is null then ''NULL'' else '+''''''''' + ' + 'cast(replace('+ name+','''''''','''''''''''') as Char(' + cast(length as varchar) + '))+'''''''''+' end'
when xtype in (239)
then 'case when '+ name +' is null then ''NULL'' else '+'''N'''''' + ' + 'cast(replace('+ name+','''''''','''''''''''') as Char(' + cast(length as varchar) + '))+'''''''''+' end'
else '''NULL'''
end as Cols,name
from syscolumns 
where id = object_id(@tablename)
) T
IF (@number!=0 AND @number IS NOT NULL)
BEGIN
set @sql ='select top '+ CAST(@number AS VARCHAR(6000))+' ''INSERT INTO ['+ @tablename + ']' + left(@sql,len(@sql)-1)+') ' + left(@sqlValues,len(@sqlValues)-4) + ')'' from '+@tablename
print @sql
END
ELSE
BEGIN 
set @sql ='select ''INSERT INTO ['+ @tablename + ']' + left(@sql,len(@sql)-1)+') ' + left(@sqlValues,len(@sqlValues)-4) + ')'' from '+@tablename
print @sql
END
PRINT @whereClause
IF ( @whereClause IS NOT NULL AND @whereClause <> '')
BEGIN
set @sql =@sql+' where '+@whereClause
print @sql
END
exec (@sql)
end
GO

调用示例


--非dbo默认架构需注意
--支持数据类型 ：bigint，int， bit，char，datetime，date，time，decimal，money， nvarchar(50)，tinyint， nvarchar(max)，varchar(max)，datetime2
--调用示例 如果top行或者where条件为空，只需要把参数填上null
spGenInsertSQL 'customer' --表名
, 2 --top 行数
, 'city=3 and didian=''大连'' ' --where 条件
--导出全表 where条件为空
spGenInsertSQL 'customer' --表名
, null --top 行数
,null --where 条件
INSERT INTO [Department] ([DepartmentID],[Name],[GroupName],[Company],[ModifiedDate]) values (1,N'售后部',N'销售组',N'中国你好有限公司XX分公司','05 5 2015 5:58PM')
INSERT INTO [Department] ([DepartmentID],[Name],[GroupName],[Company],[ModifiedDate]) values (2,N'售后部',N'销售组',N'中国你好有限公司XX分公司','05 5 2015 5:58PM')

以上所述是本文给大家分享的将表里的数据批量生成INSERT语句的存储过程增强版，希望大家喜欢。

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insert语句 INSERT 数据存储存储过程

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