详解常用css样式(布局)

Sahar ·
更新时间:2024-09-20
· 965 次阅读

兼容css3新属性

在css3中,我们可以使用prefixfree.min.js这个插件来自动为css3的相关属性加上兼容浏览器属性,使我们不用为每个css3新属性再加上属性(需要用到大量css3的项目时再引入)

content布局

当h5内嵌在app里面的时候,在iso手机下,底部(头部)固定按钮会跟着一起滚动,需要使用content布局,然后使用padding-bottom或者padding-top,把相应的位置空出来!!!

当需要在content里面滚动的时候,需要将body和html设置height:100%;然后content也需要设置height:100%,这样才可以实现在content里面里面滚动,当需要在body里面滚动的时候,需要将html、body中的height:100%;设置去掉!!不然body会被限制住,内容只显示一半不能滚动!!!

还有一种解决弹窗遮罩层底部出现滚动的方法就是,当出现弹窗的时候,通过js控制底下的内容为body{height:100%;overflow:hidden;},然后关闭弹窗的时候移除掉这个样式!!!

<body> <header></header> <div class="content"></div> <footer></footer> </body> .content { padding-top: .88rem; -webkit-box-sizing: border-box; -moz-box-sizing: border-box; box-sizing: border-box; max-width: 750px; width: 100%; margin: 0 auto; overflow-x: hidden; height: 100%; overflow-y: auto; -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch;

使用这种布局方式可以解决,单页面滚动的时候,点击弹窗,弹窗会被遮住滚动问题!!!

注意:当需要计算body的高度的时候,不能使用,还有当页面中,有表单,需要使用position:relative时,来使安卓键盘不被挡住!!!!但是为解决弹窗不滚动问题,可以通过,弹窗的时候,增加content布局,关闭弹窗的是移除content布局!!!

//点击领取 $(".reward-btn").click(function(){ $(".reward-page").wrap("<div class='contentS'></div>"); $(".insurance-box").show(); $(".dialog2").show(); }); //点击关闭大弹窗按钮 $(".closeDia").click(function(){ $(this).parent().parent().hide(); $(".dialog2").hide(); $(".reward-page").unwrap("<div class='contentS'></div>"); });

场景二:在content布局下,需要给页面设置背景图,可以在content下面在包裹一层大的div,然后对这个div进行全页面背景图设置,这样背景图才会随着内容超出一屏幕而滚动,而不是直接在content这个容器上设置背景图,如果直接在这个容器上设置背景图,那背景图不会滚动!!!

常见头部布局

两边有时候有文字或者图标,但是中间的标题固定居中,大概位置如下,就是内容会变化!!

布局如下

<div class="head"> <a class="head-left">设置</a>个人中心<a class="head-right">更多</a></div> css: .head{ position:relative; width:100%; height:88px; line-height:88px; text-align:center; } .head-left, .head-right{ position:absolute; height:88px; line-height:88px; } .head-left { left:30px; } .head-right { right:30px; }

模拟上拉加载

$(window).scroll(function() { var winH = $(window).height(); var scrH = $(window).scrollTop(); var htmH = $(document).height(); //解决滚动到下面,遮罩层一半 $(".fixed").height(htmH); if(winH + scrH >= htmH) { console.info(tabActive); if(tabActive==0){ console.info(1111); if(next_page){ if(ajax_lock == true) { ajax_lock = false; page++; getRecord(page,0); } } } });

1.美化复选框

效果

html代码

<label> <input id="rememberPwdCheck" class="checkbox hidden" type="checkbox" checked="checked"> <i class="icon icon-checkbox"></i> <span class="rememberPwdtxt">记住账号密码</span> </label>

css代码

.hidden { display: none; } .checkbox:checked ~.icon-checkbox { background: url(../images/yes_15.png) no-repeat; background-size: 0.3rem 0.25rem; } .icon-checkbox { width: 0.3rem; height: 0.3rem; margin-right: 0.1rem; border: 0.02rem solid #d7d7d7; border-radius: 0.06rem; } .icon { display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; }

js

if(!$('#agreeTerm').is(":checked")){ $.alert('请勾选同意《保险条款》和《重要告知与申明》'); return; }; <div class="allCheck"> <input type="checkbox" id="allCheck" class="check hidden"> <label for="allCheck" class="check-icon">全选</label> </div> .allCheck { padding:0 .1rem 0 .3rem; } .check-icon { display: inline-block; width:1.5rem; padding-left:.5rem; background:url("../../assets/select-no.png")no-repeat left center; background-size:.42rem .42rem ; } .check:checked ~ .check-icon { background:url("../../assets/selected.png")no-repeat left center; background-size:.42rem .42rem ; }
 

2.模拟单选按钮

类似效果

html代码

<dl id="" class="money"> <dt>选择补偿金额<span class="p_help help">补偿金说明</span></dt> <dd> <span> <input id="money_type_0" name="money_type" class="selection-rd hidden" type="radio" value="1" checked=""> <label class="selection-lb" for="money_type_0">10元</label> </span> <span> <input id="money_type_1" name="money_type" class="selection-rd hidden" type="radio" value="2"> <label class="selection-lb" for="money_type_1">20元</label> </span> <span> <input id="money_type_2" name="money_type" class="selection-rd hidden" type="radio" value="3"> <label class="selection-lb" for="money_type_2">50元</label> </span> </dd> </dl>

css代码

.selection-rd:checked ~ .selection-lb { color: #e44; border:1px solid #e44; } .selection-lb { display: inline-block; margin:33px 30px 30px 0; width:150px; height: 64px; line-height: 64px; white-space: nowrap; background-color: #fff; border:1px solid #bbc; border-radius: 5px; text-align: center; font-size: 32px; }

jq代码

var payLevel=$("input[name='money_type']:checked").val();

3.中间文字,两边横线居中

效果

代码

<div class="title-center"><div>学生信息</div></div> /*中间文字两边横线效果*/ .title-center { position:relative; width:100%; text-align: center; height: 100px; line-height: 100px; font-size: 28px; color: #4d72e2; } .title-center div{ display: inline-block; padding:0 20px; } .title-center:before ,.title-center:after{ display: inline-block; position: relative; content:""; height:2px; width:48px; top:-6px; background-color:#4d72e2; } 当设置rem为单位时,1px,会显示偏大,将.title-center:before ,.title-center:after修改为如下: .title-center:before, .title-center:after { display: inline-block; position: relative; content: ""; height: 1px; width: 1.88rem; top: -.1rem; background-color: #fd734f; -webkit-transform: scaleY(0.5); transform: scaleY(0.5); -webkit-transform-origin: 0 0; transform-origin: 0 0; } 终极版,rem单位,横线自适应长度!!!! <div class="flexbox flexbox-middle"> <span class="flexchild border-center"></span> <span style="padding:0 .2rem;">我要居中,两边横线对齐</span> <span class="flexchild border-center"></span> </div> .border-center{ /*display:inline-block; 使用flexchild布局的时候,不能给元素设置这个属性,不然, -webkit-box-flex: 1;会失效*/ height: 1px; background-color: #fd734f; -webkit-transform: scaleY(0.5); transform: scaleY(0.5); -webkit-transform-origin: 0 0; transform-origin: 0 0; }

中间文字,两边横线居中方法2

效果图

<div class="card-title"><span class="text">不辜负你比较快糖果盒如果好</span></div>

css

.card-title { padding-top: .4rem; font-size: .34rem; color: #3c3c3c; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; } .card-title .text { position: relative; } .card-title .text:before ,.card-title .text:after { content: ""; display: inline-block; position: absolute; width: .4rem; height: .32rem; background: url('../images/card-title.png')no-repeat; background-size: 100% 100%; top: 50%; margin-top: -.16rem; } .card-title .text:before{ left: -.51rem; } .card-title .text:after{ transform: rotateY(180deg); -webkit-transform: rotateY(180deg); right: -.51rem; }

4.怎么实现图标水平垂直居中(rem单位)

利用background-size来设置背景图的本身大小尺寸,然后利用background-position:center center;来设置背景图相对元素的水平垂直居中,其中元素的宽是背景图的宽,高就是原来的高

sass的写法 @mixin headerIcon($width,$height,$url,$position) { position: absolute; $position: .3rem; top: 0; width: $width; //图标的宽度 height: .88rem; //头部的高度 background: url($url) no-repeat; background-position:left center; background-size:$width $height; font-size: .3rem; text-align: left; }

方法二,

html: <a> <i class="foot-nav1 icon"></i> <span>首页</span> </a> css: a{display:inline-block;} .foot-nav1{ width: .66rem; height: .66rem; display: block; margin: 0 auto; background:url(); } span { display: block; line-height: .24rem; text-align: center; font-size: .24rem; height: .24rem; margin-bottom: .8rem; color: #666; }

5.头部常用样式设置

<div><a></a><h1>我是标题</h1><a></a></div> .header{ width: 100%; height: .88rem; position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; z-index: 998; border-bottom: 1px solid #f1f1f1; text-align: center; h1{ font-size: .36rem; font-family: PingFangSC-Medium, sans-serif; } .left-icon{ position: absolute; width: .88rem; height: .88rem; left: .3rem; top: 0; background: url('../../assets/back-icon.png') no-repeat; background-size:.17rem .35rem; background-position: left center; } .right-icon{ position: absolute; width: .88rem; height: .88rem; right: .3rem; top: 0; background: url('../../assets/back-icon.png') no-repeat; background-size:.17rem .35rem; background-position: left center; }

6.常用表单布局

效果:

代码:

<div class="section2"> <div class="des-title"><span class="text">请认真填写以下信息</span></div> <ul> <li class="flexbox"> <input type="text" placeholder="请输入您的姓名" class="flexchild fill-content" id="tbName2"> </li> <li class="flexbox flexbox-middle"> <span class="fill-label">收货地址:</span> <span class="adress" style="overflow: hidden;"> <input id="provinceCity2" name="rec_address_select" class="txt" placeholder="请选择" readonly="readonly"> <input id="detailssq2" type="hidden" readonly="readonly"> <i class="ui-icon Rmore-icon noborder"></i> </span> </li> <li class="flexbox"> <input type="text" placeholder="请填写详细地址" class="flexchild fill-content " id="adressDetail"> </li> </ul> </div>

css:

.section2 li { list-style: none; position: relative; width: 500px; margin: 0 auto; border: 1px solid #ffd6b9; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 17px 30px; background-color: #fff; margin-top: 20px; border-radius: 40px; } .section2 li input { background-color: transparent; border: 0 none; color: #333; outline: none; position: relative; font-size: 26px; width: 435px; z-index: 102; }

html:

<li class="flexbox"> <label>您的心上人:</label> <input type="text" placeholder="请输入心上人姓名" class="flexchild" id="loveName"> </li>

css:

.sec3 li { position: relative; height: .88rem; -webkit-box-align: end; -moz-box-align: end; -ms-flex-align: end; -webkit-align-items: flex-end; align-items: flex-end; box-sizing: border-box; } .sec3 li label { padding-bottom: .2rem; } .sec3 li input { position: relative; width: 4.86rem; background: transparent; border: 0 none; border-bottom: 1px solid #dc115b; padding-bottom: .2rem; color: #efc283; font-size: .28rem; border-radius: 0; }

7、上方图片下方文文字,水平居中布局

效果

css样式

.mall .details-foot .details-kefu { width: 1.56rem; height: .99rem; border-right: 1px solid #f1f1f1; } .mall .details-foot .details-kefu i { display: block; width: .42rem; height: .42rem; margin: .12rem auto .06rem; background: url(data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAACoAAAAqCAYAAADFw8lbAAAAGXRFW…7oxfKRixjo4VSJhW/sUYi1M9kR4RNoUZHpQEuX+Z/pXwEGAHRzn0c9HGr7AAAAAElFTkSuQmCC) no-repeat; background-size: 100% 100%; } .mall .details-foot .details-kefu-name { text-align: center; }

8、答题进度条

就是用来展示答题进度的进度条,效果如下

其中img是形状底色(小圆圈是透明的)。而recommend-jd-bg是进度条背景色,recommend-jd-ks是控制进度的颜色!!,其中img的z-index>recommend-jd-bg>recommend-jd-ks

html:

<div class="recommend-jd"> <div class="recommend-jd-bg"></div> <div class="recommend-jd-ks" style="width: 37.5%;"></div> <img src="/src/m7.0/images/recommend/jd.png"> </div>

css:

.recommend-jd { width: 6.43rem; position: absolute; top: 1.59rem; left: .54rem; } .recommend-jd-bg { width: 100%; height: .31rem; background: #fff; position: absolute; top: 0; z-index: 97; } .recommend-jd-ks { width: 12.5%; //这个是js控制,根据题数的进度来控制! height: .31rem; background: #4a90ff; position: absolute; top: 0; z-index: 98; } .recommend-jd img { width: 100%; display: block; position: absolute; top: 0; z-index: 99; height: .31rem; }

进度条2

<div class="progressBar"> <span class="progressPer" style="width: 2rem;"> <span class="moneyBox"> <span class="moneyText">¥0.01</span> </span> </span> </div> .progressBar { margin: .3rem auto .1rem; width: 6.3rem; height: .1rem; background-color: rgb(72, 11, 29); } .progressPer { position: relative; top: 0; left: 0; display: inline-block; width: 0; height: .1rem; background-color: #efc283; } .moneyBox { position: absolute; right: -.53rem; top: .3rem; display: inline-block; width: 1.06rem; height: .4rem; background: url(../images/moneyBox.png)no-repeat; background-size: 100% 100%; } .moneyBox .moneyText { position: absolute; bottom: 0; left: 0; width: 1.04rem; height: .34rem; line-height: .34rem; text-align: center; color: #efc283; font-size: .26rem; }

9.答题测试1-10题都在同一个页面

10、去掉selected自带的下拉框标识,增加如下属性

select { background: transparent; border: 0 none; outline:none; appearance:none; -moz-appearance:none; -webkit-appearance:none; }

11、修改input的placeholder样式

.detail-page input::-webkit-input-placeholder { /* WebKit, Blink, Edge */ font-size: .26rem; color:#b2b2b2; opacity: 1; } .detail-page input:-moz-placeholder { /* Mozilla Firefox 4 to 18 */ font-size: .26rem; color:#b2b2b2; opacity: 1; } .detail-page input::-moz-placeholder { /* Mozilla Firefox 19+ */ font-size: .26rem; color:#b2b2b2; opacity: 1; } .detail-page input:-ms-input-placeholder { /* Internet Explorer 10-11 */ font-size: .26rem; color:#b2b2b2; opacity: 1; }

12.input中增加disabled会自带灰色,修改颜色如下

input:disabled{ border:1px solid #DDD; background-color:#F5F5F5; color:#ACA899; }

13、多行文字左右对齐:

p { text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; }

效果

14、实现单行文字两端对齐,例如要实现下列单行文字对齐

方法一,使用伪类:

html:

<div class="line"> <div class="public">姓名</div> <b>:</b> <b>林小</b> </div> <div class="line"> <div class="public">身份证</div> <b>:</b> <b>111111111111</b> </div> <div class="line"> <div class="public">手机号码</div> <b>:</b> <b>141000000</b> </div>

css:

.line{ width:100%; height:15px; margin:5px; } .public{ width:80px; height:100%; display:inline-block; text-align: justify; vertical-align:top; } .public::after{ content:""; display: inline-block; width:100%; overflow:hidden; height:0; }

方法二使用letter-spacing来解决:

html:

<span style="font-size:12px;"><dl class="hotsearch" style="width:300px;"> <dt>热门搜索</dt> <dd><a href="#" target="_blank" ref="nav" class="w3">电视机</a></dd> <dd><a href="#" target="_blank" ref="nav" class="w4">性感漂亮</a></dd> <dd><a href="#" target="_blank" ref="nav" class="w3">高跟鞋</a></dd> <dd><a href="#" target="_blank" ref="nav" class="w2">手机</a></dd> <dd><a href="#" target="_blank" ref="nav" class="w2">对齐</a></dd> <dd><a href="#" target="_blank" ref="nav" class="w3">牛仔裤</a></dd> <dd><a href="#" target="_blank" ref="nav" class="w4">小家碧玉</a></dd> <dd><a href="#" target="_blank" ref="nav" class="w2">家居</a></dd> </dl></span>

css:

.hotsearch dd{ float: left; line-height: 24px; margin-right: 30px; overflow: hidden; text-align: center; width: 4em; /*这个值是看最长能显示几个文字,如x,则为x em*/ } .hotsearch dd a{ display:block; } .w2{ letter-spacing:2em; /*如果需要y个字两端对齐,则为(x-y)/(y-1),这里是(4-2)/(2-1)=2em */ margin-right:-2em; /*同上*/ } .w3{ letter-spacing:0.5em; /*如果需要y个字两端对齐,则为(x-y)/(y-1),这里是(4-3)/(3-1)=0.5em */ margin-right:-0.5em; /*同上*/ }

效果

15、实现图片加载过程高度自适应

应用情景:在页面布局过程中,遇到轮播图或者大张图片,当图片下面还有其它块内容,在图片加载过程中,由于高度是0,下面的元素会往上跑,图片加载完。元素会往下跑,给用户感觉抖动。

解决方法:在图片最外层设置一个div,给这个div设置如下样式

.img-box { overflow: hidden; width: 100%; height: 0; padding-bottom: 52%; /*方法二*/ width:100%; /*高度相对父级宽度比例*/ height: 52%vw; background:#eee; }

16、实现文字超出省略...(需要设置宽度,当父级元素使用flex布局时,需要在display:flex;这边设置min-width:0;不然ellipsis会失效!!)

.ellipsis { overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; } .ellipsis-2l { display: -webkit-box; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; -webkit-line-clamp: 2; //第几行 }

17、竖向滚动条

效果,每次点都要与时间对齐,可以把小圆点放在跟日期同一个div上,然后横线做成整个记录的背景图

html:

<div class="list"> <div class="list-item"> <div class="list-item-time flexbox flexbox-middle"><span class="progres2-item"></span><span>今天</span></div> <div class="list-item-award yhj">2元优惠券,无门槛可用<a class="go">去使用></a></div> <div class="list-item-text">已签到,获得1个白鸽币</div> </div> <div class="list-item"> <div class="list-item-time flexbox flexbox-middle"><span class="progres2-item"></span><span>今天</span></div> <div class="list-item-award yhj">2元优惠券,无门槛可用<a class="list-btn">去使用></a></div> <div class="excode">请在爱奇艺APP兑换,兑换码:testPw5079</div> <div class="list-item-text">已签到,获得1个白鸽币</div> </div> <div class="list-item"> <div class="list-item-time flexbox flexbox-middle"><span class="progres2-item"></span><span>2018-09-28</span></div> <div class="list-item-text">已签到,获得1个白鸽币</div> </div> <div class="list-item"> <div class="list-item-time flexbox flexbox-middle"><span class="progres2-item"></span><span>今天</span></div> <div class="list-item-award yhj">2元优惠券,无门槛可用<a class="list-btn">去使用></a></div> <div class="excode">请在爱奇艺APP兑换,兑换码:testPw5079</div> <div class="list-item-text">已签到,获得1个白鸽币</div> </div> </div>

css:

.list { padding-top: .1rem; padding-bottom: .1rem; font-size: .3rem; color: #333; background-color: #fff; } .list-item { width: 100%; margin-left: .32rem; margin-top: -.15rem; padding-bottom: .4rem; background: url("../images/border.png") no-repeat .1rem .21rem; background-size: 1px 100%; } .progres2-item { display: inline-block; margin-right: .25rem; width: .21rem; height: .21rem; background-color: #4d72e2; border-radius: 50%; } /*最后一个没有直线也就是没有背景,只有一个的时候也没有*/ .list-item:last-of-type{ background:transparent; } .list-item-award,.list-item-text { margin-left: .5rem; } .list-item-award{ padding-left: .53rem; margin-bottom: .12rem; margin-top: .22rem; } .list-item-text { width: 100%; padding-left: .46rem; padding-bottom: .16rem; background: url("../images/sign-icon.png") no-repeat left .05rem; background-size: .32rem .25rem; font-size: .26rem; color: #808080; box-sizing: border-box; border-bottom: 1px solid #f4f4f4; } .list-item:last-of-type .list-item-text { border-bottom: 0 none; } .list-item .list-btn { padding-left: .1rem; text-decoration: underline; font-size: .28rem; color: #316cec; }

18、文字底部横线背景

<div class="login-title">让小白鸽知道您不是机器人哦!</div> .login-title { position: relative; height: .39rem; margin-top: .4rem; font-size: .34rem; color: #fff; text-align: center; } .login-title:after { content: ""; position: absolute; width: 5.05rem; height: .21rem; background-color: #fe923f; z-index: -1; left: 0; right: 0; margin: 0 auto; bottom: 0; }

附录: CSS常用样式汇编

1. 背景图自适应屏幕

.background{ position: fixed; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; min-width: 1000px; z-index: -10; zoom: 1; background-color: #fff; background: url(../../assets/signin@2x.png) no-repeat; background-size: cover; -webkit-background-size: cover; -o-background-size: cover; background-position: center 0; }

2. 高度自适应屏幕

.height{ width: 200px; min-height: 400px; overflow: auto; height: 100vh; display: -webkit-flex; }

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