Flutter Widgets之标签类控件Chip详解

Victoria ·

更新时间:2024-09-20

· 1239 次阅读

概述：

RawChip

Chip

InputChip

ChoiceChip

FilterChip

总结：

概述：

Flutter 标签类控件大全ChipFlutter内置了多个标签类控件，但本质上它们都是同一个控件，只不过是属性参数不同而已，在学习的过程中可以将其放在放在一起学习，方便记忆。

RawChip

Material风格标签控件，此控件是其他标签控件的基类，通常情况下，不会直接创建此控件，而是使用如下控件：

Chip

InputChip

ChoiceChip

FilterChip

ActionChip

如果你想自定义标签类控件，通常使用此控件。

RawChip可以通过设置onSelected被选中，设置onDeleted被删除，也可以通过设置onPressed而像一个按钮，它有一个label属性，有一个前置（avatar）和后置图标（deleteIcon）。

 RawChip(label: Text('RawChip')),

效果：

设置左侧控件，一般是图标：

 RawChip(
            avatar: CircleAvatar(child: Text('R'),),
            label: Text('RawChip'),
            isEnabled: false,//禁止点选状态
          ),

设置label的样式和内边距：

 RawChip(
            avatar: CircleAvatar(child: Text('R'),),
            label: Text('RawChip'),
            // isEnabled: false,//禁止点选状态
            labelPadding: EdgeInsets.symmetric(horizontal: 20),
            padding: EdgeInsets.only(left: 10,right: 10,top: 5),
          ),

设置删除相关属性：

  RawChip(
            label: Text('RawChip'),
            onDeleted: (){
              print('onDeleted');
            },
            deleteIcon: Icon(Icons.delete),
            deleteIconColor: Colors.red,
            deleteButtonTooltipMessage: "删除",
            // isEnabled: false,//禁止点选状态
            labelPadding: EdgeInsets.symmetric(horizontal: 10),
            padding: EdgeInsets.only(left: 10,right: 10,top: 5,bottom: 5),
          ),

设置形状、背景颜色及内边距,阴影：

 RawChip(
            label: Text('RawChip'),
            shape: RoundedRectangleBorder(borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(10)),
            backgroundColor: Colors.blue,
            padding: EdgeInsets.symmetric(vertical: 10),
            elevation: 8,
            shadowColor: Colors.grey,
          )

materialTapTargetSize是配置组件点击区域大小的属性，很多组件都有此属性，比如：

[FloatingActionButton], only the mini tap target size is increased.
* [MaterialButton]
* [OutlineButton]
* [FlatButton]
* [RaisedButton]
* [TimePicker]
* [SnackBar]
* [Chip]
* [RawChip]
* [InputChip]
* [ChoiceChip]
* [FilterChip]
* [ActionChip]
* [Radio]
* [Switch]
* [Checkbox]

MaterialTapTargetSize有2个值，分别为：

padded：最小点击区域为48*48。

shrinkWrap：子组件的实际大小。

设置选中状态、颜色：

 RawChip(
              label: Text('RawChip'),
               selected: _selected,
            onSelected: (v){
                setState(() {
                  _selected =v;
                });
            },
            selectedColor: Colors.blue,
            selectedShadowColor: Colors.red,
          )

Chip

Chip是一个简单的标签控件，仅显示信息和删除相关属性，是一个简化版的RawChip，用法和RawChip一样。源代码如下：

@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
  assert(debugCheckHasMaterial(context));
  return RawChip(
    avatar: avatar,
    label: label,
    labelStyle: labelStyle,
    labelPadding: labelPadding,
    deleteIcon: deleteIcon,
    onDeleted: onDeleted,
    deleteIconColor: deleteIconColor,
    deleteButtonTooltipMessage: deleteButtonTooltipMessage,
    tapEnabled: false,
    shape: shape,
    clipBehavior: clipBehavior,
    focusNode: focusNode,
    autofocus: autofocus,
    backgroundColor: backgroundColor,
    padding: padding,
    materialTapTargetSize: materialTapTargetSize,
    elevation: elevation,
    shadowColor: shadowColor,
    isEnabled: true,
  );
}

InputChip

以紧凑的形式表示一条复杂的信息，例如实体（人，地方或事物）或对话文本。

InputChip 本质上也是RawChip，用法和RawChip一样。源代码如下：

override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
  assert(debugCheckHasMaterial(context));
  return RawChip(
    avatar: avatar,
    label: label,
    labelStyle: labelStyle,
    labelPadding: labelPadding,
    deleteIcon: deleteIcon,
    onDeleted: onDeleted,
    deleteIconColor: deleteIconColor,
    deleteButtonTooltipMessage: deleteButtonTooltipMessage,
    onSelected: onSelected,
    onPressed: onPressed,
    pressElevation: pressElevation,
    selected: selected,
    tapEnabled: true,
    disabledColor: disabledColor,
    selectedColor: selectedColor,
    tooltip: tooltip,
    shape: shape,
    clipBehavior: clipBehavior,
    focusNode: focusNode,
    autofocus: autofocus,
    backgroundColor: backgroundColor,
    padding: padding,
    materialTapTargetSize: materialTapTargetSize,
    elevation: elevation,
    shadowColor: shadowColor,
    selectedShadowColor: selectedShadowColor,
    showCheckmark: showCheckmark,
    checkmarkColor: checkmarkColor,
    isEnabled: isEnabled &amp;&amp; (onSelected != null || onDeleted != null || onPressed != null),
    avatarBorder: avatarBorder,
  );
}

基本用法：

 InputChip(
    avatar: CircleAvatar(
    radius: 12.0,
    ),
    label: Text(
    'InputChip',
    style: TextStyle(fontSize: 12.0),
    ),
    shadowColor: Colors.grey,
    deleteIcon: Icon(
    Icons.close,
    color: Colors.black54,
    size: 14.0,
    ),
    onDeleted: () {
      print('onDeleted');
    },
    onSelected: (bool selected) {
        setState(() {
          _selected = selected;
        });
    },
    selectedColor: Colors.orange,
    disabledColor: Colors.grey,
    selected: _selected,
    materialTapTargetSize: MaterialTapTargetSize.shrinkWrap,
    labelStyle: TextStyle(color: Colors.black54),
    ),

ChoiceChip

允许从一组选项中进行单个选择，创建一个类似于单选按钮的标签，本质上ChoiceChip也是一个RawChip，ChoiceChip本身不具备单选属性。

  int _selectedIndex = 0;
 Wrap(
            spacing: 5,
            children: List.generate(20, (index){
            return ChoiceChip(
                label: Text('测试 $index'),
                selected: _selectedIndex==index,
              onSelected: (v){
                  setState(() {
                    _selectedIndex =index;
                  });
              },
            );
          }).toList(),
          )

FilterChip

FilterChip可以作为过滤标签，本质上也是一个RawChip，用法如下：

  List&lt;String&gt; _filters = [];
 _buildFilterChip(){
    return Column(
      children: [
        Wrap(
          spacing: 15,
          children: List.generate(10, (index) {
            return FilterChip(
              label: Text('测试 $index'),
              selected: _filters.contains('$index'),
              onSelected: (v) {
                setState(() {
                  if(v){
                    _filters.add('$index');
                  }else{
                    _filters.removeWhere((f){
                      return f == '$index';
                    });
                  }
                });
              },
            );
          }).toList(),
        ),
        Text('选中：${_filters.join(',')}'),
      ],
    );
  }

运行效果：