Android中shape的自定义艺术效果使用

Tina ·

更新时间:2024-11-13

· 1217 次阅读

shape形状之意，可自定义各种形状，如背景椭圆，圆角等等

创建目录：drawable–右键–new–drawable resourse file–键入文件名my_shape–ok–修改selector标签为shape

1圆角

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <corners
        android:radius="10dp"/>
</shape>

引用：android:background="@drawable/my_shape"

<Button
        android:id="@+id/button"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginStart="148dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="102dp"
        android:background="@drawable/my_shape"
        android:text="Button"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

2 单独控制某个圆角，如左上，右下。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <corners
        android:topLeftRadius="10dp"
        android:bottomRightRadius="10dp"
        />
</shape>

3 圆形背景

前提button宽高一样，圆角大小为button的一半大

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <corners
        android:radius="100dp"/>
</shape>

 <Button
        android:id="@+id/button"
        android:layout_width="200dp"
        android:layout_height="200dp"
        android:layout_marginStart="148dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="102dp"
        android:background="@drawable/my_shape"
        android:text="Button"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

3 描边效果
注意此时用textview引用，botton无效
solid：实体，可设置主体颜色
stroke：描边，dashWidth虚线宽度，dashGap虚线间的距离

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <corners
        android:radius="50dp"/>
    <size
        android:height="100dp"
        android:width="100dp"/>
    <solid
        android:color="#FF4081"/>
    <stroke
        android:width="5dp"
        android:color="#3F51B5"
        android:dashWidth="20dp"
        android:dashGap="10dp"/>
</shape>

引用

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/button"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginStart="148dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="102dp"
        android:background="@drawable/my_shape"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

4渐变色
gradient：倾斜度，标签实现
红绿蓝

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <gradient
        android:startColor="#ff0000"
        android:centerColor="#00ff00"
        android:endColor="#0000ff"
        />
</shape>

引用

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/button"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginStart="148dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="102dp"
        android:text="Hello world"
        android:background="@drawable/my_shape_gradient"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

拓展
1gradient标签默认类型是线性的android:type=“linear”，还有一种炫酷的效果是扫射sweep

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <gradient
        android:startColor="#ff0000"
        android:centerColor="#00ff00"
        android:endColor="#0000ff"
        android:type="sweep"
        />
</shape>

2确定逆时针旋转的角度angle属性，如android:angle="90"表示逆时针转90度

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <gradient
        android:startColor="#ff0000"
        android:centerColor="#00ff00"
        android:endColor="#0000ff"
        android:angle="90"
        android:type="linear"
        />
</shape>

最后来一个好叼的样子

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <gradient
        android:startColor="@color/black"
        android:endColor="@color/black"
        android:centerColor="#FFFFFF"
        android:type="sweep"/>
</shape>