分享C++三种类型new类型的运算符使用详情

Hasana ·
更新时间:2024-11-10
· 1927 次阅读

目录

1.new操作符

2.::operator new

2.1原始调用

2.2重载1

2.3重载2

3.place new

1.new操作符

new operator,平时用的最多的new操作符,其对应delete operator,不能被重载,其包含两个操作(既申请空间,又调用构造函数)

(1)使用::operator new申请内存

(2)调用类的构造函数

class CTestUse { public:     CTestUse() { cout << __FUNCTION__ << endl; }     virtual ~CTestUse() { cout << __FUNCTION__ << endl; } private: }; void test() {     string *pStr = new string("new operator");     cout << *pStr << endl;     delete pStr;     CTestUse *pCase = new CTestUse;     delete pCase; } int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {     test();     return 0; }

运行结果如下:

2.::operator new

::operator new,只会申请空间,不会调用构造函数,可以被重载,其对应 ::operator delete (只申请空间)

2.1原始调用 class CTestUse1 { public:     CTestUse1() { cout << __FUNCTION__ << endl; }     virtual ~CTestUse1() { cout << __FUNCTION__ << endl; }     void show() { cout << __FILE__ << " " << __FUNCTION__ << endl; } private: }; void test1() {     CTestUse1 *pCase = (CTestUse1 *)::operator new (sizeof(CTestUse1));     pCase->show();     ::operator delete(pCase); } int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {     test1();     return 0; }

运行结果如下:

2.2重载1 class CTestUse2 { public:     CTestUse2() { cout << __FUNCTION__ << endl; }     virtual ~CTestUse2() { cout << __FUNCTION__ << endl; }     void show() { cout << __FILE__ << " " << __FUNCTION__ << endl; }     void* operator new(size_t size) {         cout << __FUNCTION__ << endl;         return ::operator new(size);     }     void operator delete(void* ptr) {         cout << __FUNCTION__ << endl;         ::operator delete(ptr);     } private: }; void test2() {     CTestUse2 *pCase = new CTestUse2;     pCase->show();     delete pCase; } int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {     test2();     return 0; }

运行结果如下:

2.3重载2 class CTestUse3 { public:     CTestUse3() { cout << __FUNCTION__ << endl; }     virtual ~CTestUse3() { cout << __FUNCTION__ << endl; }     void show() { cout << __FILE__ << " " << __FUNCTION__ << endl; }     void* operator new(size_t size, string str) {         cout << __FUNCTION__ << str << endl;         return ::operator new(size);     }     void operator delete(void* ptr) {         cout << __FUNCTION__ << endl;         ::operator delete(ptr);     } private: }; void test3() {     CTestUse3 *pCase = new ("heshiyang") CTestUse3;     pCase->show();     delete pCase; } int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {     test3();     return 0; }

运行结果如下:

3.place new

place new在已经构建好的内存中创建对象,其只会返回已经申请好的内存指针,多用在高性能场景下,提前申请好内存,可以节省申请内存开消 (只调用构造函数)

class CTestUse4 { public:     CTestUse4() { cout << __FUNCTION__ << endl; }     virtual ~CTestUse4() { cout << __FUNCTION__ << endl; }     void show() { cout << __FILE__ << " " << __FUNCTION__ << endl; }     void* operator new(size_t size, void* p) {         cout << __FUNCTION__ << endl;         return p;     }     void operator delete(void* ptr) {         cout << __FUNCTION__ << endl;         ::operator delete(ptr);     } private: }; void test4() {     char* pChar = new char[sizeof(CTestUse4)];     CTestUse4* pCase = new (pChar) CTestUse4; //调用全局::new (pChar) CTestUse4,new (pChar) CTestUse4调用重载new     //delete pCase;     pCase->~CTestUse4(); } int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {     test4();     return 0; }

运行结果如下:

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c+ new 运算符 C++

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