iOS自定义相机功能

Lida ·

更新时间:2024-11-10

· 1704 次阅读

大多数app都会涉及到上传照片这个功能，图片来源无非是从相册获取或者相机拍摄。如果不是特别要求，调用系统已经满足需求。但对于特殊需求，就需要自定义相机拍摄界面了。

对于无需定制的相机，使用系统的UIKit库里的UIImagePickerController类，几行代码，几个代理方法就可满足所需。但如果要深度定制，就要系统库AVFoundation内部的相关类。

创建自己的相机管理类CameraManager（继承于NSObject）

.h文件

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import <AVFoundation/AVFoundation.h>
//拍照后的回调，传递拍摄的照片
typedef void(^DidCapturePhotoBlock)(UIImage *stillImage);
@interface PXCameraManager : NSObject
@property (nonatomic, strong) AVCaptureSession *session;//AVCaptureSession对象来执行输入设备和输出设备之间的数据传递
@property (nonatomic, strong) AVCaptureVideoPreviewLayer *previewLayer;//预览图层，来显示照相机拍摄到的画面
@property (nonatomic, strong) AVCaptureDeviceInput *deviceInput;//AVCaptureDeviceInput对象是输入流
@property (nonatomic, strong) AVCaptureStillImageOutput *stillImageOutput;//照片输出流对象
@property (nonatomic, assign) CGRect previewLayerFrame;//拍照区域
/* 为其他类提供的自定义接口 */
//设置拍照区域 (其中targetView为要展示拍照界面的view)
- (void)configureWithtargetViewLayer:(UIView *)targetView previewRect:(CGRect)preivewRect;
//拍照成功回调
- (void)takePicture:(DidCapturePhotoBlock)block;
//添加/移除相机浮层（如果有需求要在相机拍照区域添加浮层的时候使用）
- (void)addCoverImageWithImage:(UIImage *)image;
- (void)removeCoverImageWithImage:(UIImage *)image;
//前后摄像头切换
- (void)switchCameras;
//闪光灯切换
- (void)configCameraFlashlight;
@end

.m文件

@property (nonatomic, strong) UIView *preview;//展现拍照区域的view
@property (nonatomic, strong) UIImageView *coverImageView;//拍照区域浮层
@property (nonatomic, assign) BOOL isCaremaBack;
@property (nonatomic, assign) AVCaptureFlashMode flashMode;
//初始化的时候设置自己想要的默认属性
- (instancetype)init{
    self = [super init];
    if (self) {
        self.isCaremaBack = YES;//默认后置摄像头
        self.flashMode = AVCaptureFlashModeAuto;//默认自动闪光灯
    }
    return  self;
}

实现接口的方法

1、准备相关硬件

- (void)configureWithTargetViewLayer:(UIView *)targetView previewRect:(CGRect)preivewRect{
    self.preview = targetView;
    //开始一些相机相关硬件配置    
    [self addSession];//创建session
    [self addVideoPreviewLayerWithRect:preivewRect];//用session 创建 创建layer
    [self addvideoInputBackCamera:self.isCaremaBack];//给session 配置摄像头
    [self addVideoFlashlightWithFlashModel:self.flashMode];//配置闪光灯
    [self addStillImageOutput];//给session 配置输出
}

2、拍照

#pragma mark - 
- (void)takePicture:(DidCapturePhotoBlock)block{
    AVCaptureConnection *captureConnection = [self findCaptureConnection];
    [captureConnection setVideoScaleAndCropFactor:1.0f];
    [_stillImageOutput captureStillImageAsynchronouslyFromConnection:captureConnection completionHandler:^(CMSampleBufferRef imageDataSampleBuffer, NSError *error) {
        NSData *imageData = [AVCaptureStillImageOutput jpegStillImageNSDataRepresentation:imageDataSampleBuffer];
        UIImage *image = [UIImage imageWithData:imageData]；
        //这里可以根据不同需求对拍摄到的照片做一些压缩或者裁剪的处理，这里我就偷懒不弄了。
        if (block) {
            block(image);
        }
    }];
}

3、切换摄像头

- (void)switchCameras{
    if (!_deviceInput) {
        return;
    }
    [_session beginConfiguration];
    [_session removeInput:_deviceInput];
    self.isCaremaBack = !self.isCaremaBack;
    [self addvideoInputBackCamera:self.isCaremaBack];
    [_session commitConfiguration];
}

4、切换闪光灯

- (void)configCameraFlashlight{
    switch (self.flashMode) {
        case AVCaptureFlashModeAuto:
        {
            self.flashMode = AVCaptureFlashModeOff;
        }
            break;
        case AVCaptureFlashModeOff:
        {
            self.flashMode = AVCaptureFlashModeOn;
        }
            break;
        case AVCaptureFlashModeOn:
        {
            self.flashMode = AVCaptureFlashModeAuto;
        }
            break;
        default:
            break;
    }
    [self addVideoFlashlightWithFlashModel:self.flashMode];
 }

添加/移除浮层

- (void)addCoverImageWithImage:(UIImage *)image{
    _coverImageView.image = image;
}
- (void)removeCoverImageWithImage:(UIImage *)image{
    _coverImageView.image = nil;
}

下面是配置硬件里的几个方法实现

- (void)addSession{
    if (!self.session) {
        AVCaptureSession *session = [[AVCaptureSession alloc]init];
        self.session = session;
    }
}

- (void)addVideoPreviewLayerWithRect:(CGRect)previewRect{
    if (!self.previewLayer) {
        AVCaptureVideoPreviewLayer *previewLayer = [[AVCaptureVideoPreviewLayer alloc]initWithSession:_session];
        previewLayer.videoGravity = AVLayerVideoGravityResizeAspectFill;
        self.previewLayer = previewLayer;
        [self.preview.layer addSublayer:self.previewLayer];
    }
    self.previewLayer.frame = previewRect;
}

- (void)addvideoInputBackCamera:(BOOL)back{
    NSArray *devices = [AVCaptureDevice devices];
    AVCaptureDevice *frontCamera;
    AVCaptureDevice *backCamera;
    //获取 前、后 摄像头
    for (AVCaptureDevice *device in devices) {
        if ([device hasMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo]) {
            if ([device position] == AVCaptureDevicePositionBack) {
                backCamera = device;
            }else if([device position] == AVCaptureDevicePositionFront){
                frontCamera = device;
            }
        }
    }
    NSError *error = nil;
    if(back){
        AVCaptureDeviceInput *backCameraDeviceInput = [AVCaptureDeviceInput deviceInputWithDevice:backCamera error:&error];
        if (!error) {
            if ([_session canAddInput:backCameraDeviceInput]) {
                [_session addInput:backCameraDeviceInput];
                 self.deviceInput = backCameraDeviceInput;
            }else{
                NSLog(@"出错啦");
            }
        }
    }else{
        AVCaptureDeviceInput *frontCameraDeviceInput = [AVCaptureDeviceInput deviceInputWithDevice:frontCamera error:&error];
        if (!error) {
            if ([_session canAddInput:frontCameraDeviceInput]) {
                [_session addInput:frontCameraDeviceInput];
                 self.deviceInput = frontCameraDeviceInput;
            }else{
                NSLog(@"出错啦");
            }
        }
    }
}

- (void)addVideoFlashlightWithFlashModel:(AVCaptureFlashMode )flashModel{
    AVCaptureDevice *device = [AVCaptureDevice defaultDeviceWithMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo];
    [device lockForConfiguration:nil];
    if ([device hasFlash]) {
        device.flashMode = self.flashMode;
    }
    [device unlockForConfiguration];
}

- (void)addStillImageOutput{
    if (!self.stillImageOutput) {
        AVCaptureStillImageOutput *stillImageOutput = [[AVCaptureStillImageOutput alloc]init];
        NSDictionary *outPutSettingDict = [[NSDictionary alloc]initWithObjectsAndKeys:AVVideoCodecJPEG,AVVideoCodecKey, nil];
        stillImageOutput.outputSettings = outPutSettingDict;
        [_session addOutput:stillImageOutput];
        self.stillImageOutput = stillImageOutput;
    }
}

- (AVCaptureConnection *)findCaptureConnection{
    AVCaptureConnection *videoConnection;
    for (AVCaptureConnection *connection in _stillImageOutput.connections ) {
        for (AVCaptureInputPort *port in connection.inputPorts) {
            if ([[port mediaType] isEqual:AVMediaTypeVideo]) {
                videoConnection = connection;
                return videoConnection;
            }
        }
    }
    return nil;
}

到此，一个自定义相机的类就有了，要使用的时候，尽管调用吧。

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