vue3.0实现下拉菜单的封装

Xylona ·

更新时间:2024-09-20

· 41 次阅读

vue3.0出来已经有段时间的了，也与必要开始研究它了！

先看下我们要实现的效果

很常见的展开显示菜单项的内容，在vue3.0里面怎么开发，这里样式我们用的是bootstrap的默认样式

思路一:


<DropDown :title="'退出'" :list="menuLists" />

思路二:


<drop-down :title="'退出'">
   <drop-dowm-item>新建文章</drop-down-item>
   <drop-dowm-item>编辑文章</drop-down-item>
   <drop-dowm-item>个人信息</drop-down-item>
</drop-down>

两种思路都行，相比较而言，第二种思路比较清晰，使用的时候知道具体的层次，也是elementUI组件开发的模式.
现在就第二种组件开发思路进行分析

DropDown.ts


<template>
  <div class="dropdown" ref="dropDownRef">
    <a
      @click.prevent="toggleOpen"
      class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle"
      href="#" rel="external nofollow" 
    >
      {{ title }}
    </a>
    <div class="dropdown-menu" :style="{ display: 'block' }" v-show="isOpen">
      <slot></slot>
    </div>
  </div>
</template>

js部分


<script lang="ts">
import { defineComponent, ref, onMounted, onUnmounted, watch } from "vue";
import useClickOutside from "../hooks/useClickOutside";
export default defineComponent({
  name: "DropDown",
  props: {
    title: {
      type: String,
      required: true,
    },
  },
  setup(context) {
    const isOpen = ref(false);
    //vue3.0获取dom对象的引用
    const dropDownRef = ref<null | HTMLElement>(null);
    const toggleOpen = () => {
      isOpen.value = !isOpen.value;
    };
    const handleClick = (e: MouseEvent) => {
      console.log(e.target, "e");
      if (dropDownRef.value) {
        console.log(dropDownRef.value);
        if (
        //contains判断节点是否包含节点
          !dropDownRef.value.contains(e.target as HTMLElement) &&
          isOpen.value
        ) {
          isOpen.value = false;
        }
      }
    };
    onMounted(() => {
    //注册全局的点击事件
      document.addEventListener("click", handleClick);
    });
    onUnmounted(() => {
    //解绑
      document.removeEventListener("click", handleClick);
    }); 
    return {
      isOpen,
      toggleOpen,
      dropDownRef,
    };
  },
});
</script>

DropDownItem.ts


<template>
  <li class="dropdowm-option" :class="{ 'is-disabled': disabled }">
    <slot></slot>
  </li>
</template>
<style scoped>
/* 此处是插槽需要穿透 */
.dropdowm-option.is-disabled >>> * {
  color: #6c757d;
  pointer-events: none;
  background-color: transparent;
}
</style>


<script lang="ts">
import { defineComponent } from "vue";
export default defineComponent({
  props: {
    disabled: {
      type: Boolean,
      default: false,
    },
  },
  setup() {
    return {};
  },
});
</script>

到这里这个组件就完成了。但是…我们可以看到点击整个document隐藏这个事件与整个组件的关联不大，因此我们可以抽取成一个hooks

useClickOutside.ts


import { ref, onMounted, onUnmounted,Ref } from 'vue'
const useClickOutside = (elementRef:Ref<null | HTMLElement>) => {
    const isClickOutside = ref(false)
    const handler = (e: MouseEvent) => {
        console.log(elementRef.value);
        if (elementRef.value) {
            if (elementRef.value.contains(e.target as HTMLElement)) {
                isClickOutside.value = false
            } else {
                isClickOutside.value = true
            }
        }
    }
    onMounted(() => {
      document.addEventListener("click", handler);
    });
    onUnmounted(() => {
      document.removeEventListener("click", handler);
    });
    return isClickOutside
}
export default useClickOutside

然后再改写我们的DropDown.ts组件


//删掉之前已有的事件逻辑
<script lang="ts">
... 
 const isClickOutside = useClickOutside(dropDownRef);
    /* console.log(isClickOutside.value, "isClickOutside"); */
    //引入监听方法，数据变化时我们改变isOpen的值为false
    watch(isClickOutside, (newValue) => {
      if (isOpen.value && isClickOutside.value) {
        isOpen.value = false;
      }
    });
 ...
</script>

实现了同样的效果，整个组件的代码也精简了不少!

VUE 菜单封装下拉菜单

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