Vue 中插槽的使用总结

Irina ·
更新时间:2024-11-10
· 1176 次阅读

目录

默认插槽

具名插槽

作用域插槽

插槽总结

默认插槽

首先做一个页面:

新增 Category.vue

<template> <div class="category">   <h3>{{title}}分类</h3>   <ul>     <li v-for="(item,index) in listData" :key="index">{{item}}</li>   </ul> </div> </template> <script> export default {   name: "Category",   props:["title","listData"] } </script> <style scoped> .category{   background-color: skyblue;   width: 200px;   height: 300px; } h3{   text-align: center;   background-color: orange; } </style>

App.vue 中使用

<template>   <div class="container">     <Category title="美食" :listData="foods"/>     <Category title="游戏" :listData="games"/>     <Category title="电影" :listData="films"/>   </div> </template> <script> import Category from "@/components/Category"; export default {   name: 'App',   components: {Category},   data(){     return{       foods:["火锅","烧烤","小龙虾","牛排"],       games:["劲舞团","QQ飞车","超级玛丽","无人深空"],       films:["《教父》","《狩猎》","《禁闭岛》","《聚焦》"]     }   } } </script> <style> .container {   display: flex;   justify-content: space-around; } </style>

现在修改需求,每个分类都要展示不同的内容:

这里就用到了插槽,修改 Category.vue

<template> <div class="category">   <h3>{{title}}分类</h3>   <slot></slot> </div> </template> <script> export default {   name: "Category",   props:["title"] } </script> <style scoped> .category{   background-color: skyblue;   width: 200px;   height: 300px; } h3{   text-align: center;   background-color: orange; } </style>

修改 App.vue

<template>   <div class="container">     <Category title="美食" :listData="foods">       <img src="https://img2.baidu.com/it/u=2073611229,1921777437&fm=253&fmt=auto&app=120&f=JPEG?w=1200&h=675"/>     </Category>     <Category title="游戏" :listData="games">       <ul>         <li v-for="(g,index) in games" :key="index">{{g}}</li>       </ul>     </Category>     <Category title="电影">       <video controls src="http://clips.vorwaerts-gmbh.de/big_buck_bunny.mp4"/>     </Category>   </div> </template> <script> import Category from "@/components/Category"; export default {   name: 'App',   components: {Category},   data(){     return{       foods:["火锅","烧烤","小龙虾","牛排"],       games:["劲舞团","QQ飞车","超级玛丽","无人深空"],       films:["《教父》","《狩猎》","《禁闭岛》","《聚焦》"]     }   } } </script> <style> .container {   display: flex;   justify-content: space-around; } img,video{   width: 100%; } </style> 具名插槽

修改 Category.vue

<template> <div class="category">   <h3>{{title}}分类</h3>   <slot name="center">这是一些默认值,没有内容时展示</slot>   <slot name="footer">这是一些默认值,没有内容时展示</slot> </div> </template> <script> export default {   name: "Category",   props:["title"] } </script> <style scoped> .category{   background-color: skyblue;   width: 200px;   height: 300px; } h3{   text-align: center;   background-color: orange; } </style>

修改 App.vue

<template>   <div class="container">     <Category title="美食" :listData="foods">       <img slot="center" src="https://img2.baidu.com/it/u=2073611229,1921777437&fm=253&fmt=auto&app=120&f=JPEG?w=1200&h=675"/>       <a slot="footer" href="https://www.baidu.com" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >更多美食</a>     </Category>     <Category title="游戏" :listData="games">       <ul slot="center">         <li v-for="(g,index) in games" :key="index">{{g}}</li>       </ul>       <div class="foot" slot="footer">         <a href="https://www.baidu.com" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >单机游戏</a>         <a href="https://www.baidu.com" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >网络游戏</a>       </div>     </Category>     <Category title="电影">       <video slot="center" controls src="http://clips.vorwaerts-gmbh.de/big_buck_bunny.mp4"/>       <!--v-slot 只有template能用-->       <template v-slot:footer>         <div class="foot" slot="footer">           <a href="https://www.baidu.com" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >经典</a>           <a href="https://www.baidu.com" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >热门</a>           <a href="https://www.baidu.com" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >推荐</a>         </div>       </template>     </Category>   </div> </template> <script> import Category from "@/components/Category"; export default {   name: 'App',   components: {Category},   data(){     return{       foods:["火锅","烧烤","小龙虾","牛排"],       games:["劲舞团","QQ飞车","超级玛丽","无人深空"],       films:["《教父》","《狩猎》","《禁闭岛》","《聚焦》"]     }   } } </script> <style> .container,.foot {   display: flex;   justify-content: space-around; } img,video{   width: 100%; } </style> 作用域插槽

如果数据在 Category 中,但需要展示不同的形式,我们可以通过插槽传值,类似于我们从父组件向子组件传值:

<template>   <div class="category">     <h3>{{ title }}分类</h3>     <slot :games="games" :msg="hello"></slot>   </div> </template> <script> export default {   name: "Category",   props: ["title"],   data() {     return {       games: ["劲舞团", "QQ飞车", "超级玛丽", "无人深空"]     }   } } </script> <style scoped> .category {   background-color: skyblue;   width: 200px;   height: 300px; } h3 {   text-align: center;   background-color: orange; } </style>

App 中在子组件中使用 <template> 包裹要展示的内容,标签中可以使用scope接收传过来的值

<template>   <div class="container">     <Category title="游戏">       <template v-slot="receiveValue">         <ul>           <li v-for="(g,index) in receiveValue.games" :key="index">{{ g }}</li>         </ul>         <a>{{ receiveValue.msg }}</a>       </template>     </Category>     <Category title="游戏">       <template v-slot="{games,msg}">         <ol>           <li v-for="(g,index) in games" :key="index">{{ g }}</li>         </ol>         <a>{{ msg }}</a>       </template>     </Category>     <Category title="游戏">       <template v-slot="{games,msg}">         <h4 v-for="(g,index) in games" :key="index">{{ g }}</h4>         <a>{{ msg }}</a>       </template>     </Category>   </div> </template> <script> import Category from "@/components/Category"; export default {   name: 'App',   components: {Category}, } </script> <style> .container, .foot {   display: flex;   justify-content: space-around; } img, video {   width: 100%; } </style> 插槽总结

1.作用:让父组件可以向子组件指定位置插入 html 结构,也是一种组件问通信的方式,适用于父组件==>子组件

2.分类:默认插槽、具名插槽、作用域插槽

3.使用方式:

默认插槽

父组件中:

<Category>     <div>html结构</div> <Category>

子组件中:

<template>     <div>     <!--定义插槽-->     <slot>插槽默认内容...</slot>     </div> </templdte>

具名插槽

父组件中:

<Category>     <template slot="center">         <div>html结构1</div>     </template>     <tenplate v-slot:footer>         <div>html结构2</div>     </template> </Category>

子组件中:

<template>     <div>     <1--定义插槽-->     <slot name="center">插槽默认内容...</slot>     <slot name="footer”>插槽默认内容...</slot>     </div> </template>

作用域插槽

1.理解:数据在组件的自身,但根据数据生成的结构需要组件的使用者来决定,(games 数据在 Category 组件中,但使用数据所遍历出来的结构由 App 组件决定)

2.具体编码:

父组件中:

<category>     <template v-slot="scopeData"     <!--生成的是ul列表-->     <ul>         <li v-for="g in scopeDsta.games" : key="g">{g}</li>     </ul>     </template> </Category> <Category>     <template v-slot={scopeData}>     <!--生成的是h4标题-->     <h4 v-for="g in scopeData" :key="g">{{g}}</h4>     </template> </Category>

子组件中:

<template>     <div>         <slot :games="games"></slot>     </div> </template> <script> export default{     name: "Category ',     props: ["title"],     //数据在子组件自身     data() {         return{             games:['红色警戒,穿越火线',"劲舞团",超级玛丽"]         }     } }</script>

注意:scope和slot-scope过时了,可以使用v-slot

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