Java中OAuth2.0第三方授权原理与实战
目录
RFC6749
OAuth 2.0授权4大模式
合同到期后的续约机制
OAuth2.0第三方授权实战
oauth-client
oauth-server
RFC6749OAuth2的官方文档在RFC6749：https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc6749
以王者荣耀请求微信登录的过程为例
A：Client申请访问用户资源
B：用户授权（过程较复杂）一次有效
C：Client向Server请求一个长时间有效的token
D：返回token
E：使用token访问资源
OAuth 2.0授权4大模式授权码模式：完整、严密，第三方认证和授权的最主流实现
A：APP请求微信登录
B：用户信息验证
C：返回只能使用一次的授权码
D：APP把授权码发给后台服务，服务请求微信登录请求一个长期有效的token
E：返回长期有效的token
token只有APP的后台服务和微信的后台才有，二者之间使用token通信，保证数据不易泄露到后台黑客
简化模式：令牌用户可见，移动端的常用实现手段
A：APP请求微信登录
B：用户信息验证
C：直接返回一个长期有效的token
密码模式：用户名密码都返回
A：用户把用户名 + 密码发送给APP
B：APP可以直接用账号 + 密码访问微信后台
客户端模式：后台内容应用之间进行访问
微信登录会为APP分配一个内部的特定用户名和密码，APP用这个账号 + 密码和微信沟通，微信返回一个token，APP可以用这个token做很多部门自身的事情
合同到期后的续约机制通常拿到Access token时还会拿到一个Refresh token，可以用来延长token的有效期
F：token已过期
G：使用Refresh token和微信登录沟通，尝试延长token
H：重新返回一个新的token
OAuth2.0第三方授权实战 oauth-client表示王者荣耀端
pom文件：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.4.0</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>org.example</groupId>
<artifactId>oauth-client</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
<spring-cloud.version>2020.0.0-M5</spring-cloud.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-oauth2</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>spring-milestones</id>
<name>Spring Milestones</name>
<url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
</repository>
</repositories>
</project>
SpringBoot的经典启动类：
package com.wjw.oauthclient;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class OauthClientApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(OauthClientApplication.class, args);
}
}
创建OAuth2的配置类：
package com.wjw.oauthclient.config;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.oauth2.client.EnableOAuth2Sso;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
//激活OAuth2 SSO客户端
@Configuration
@EnableOAuth2Sso
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
http.authorizeRequests()
.anyRequest()
.authenticated()
.and()
.csrf()
.disable();
}
}
配置文件application.yaml：
security.oauth2.client.client-secret=my_client_secret
security.oauth2.client.client-id=my_client_id
security.oauth2.client.user-authorization-uri=http://localhost:9090/oauth/authorize
security.oauth2.client.access-token-uri=http://localhost:9090/oauth/token
security.oauth2.resource.user-info-uri=http://localhost:9090/user
server.port=8080
server.servlet.session.cookie.name=ut
定义用户id为my_client_id，密码为my_client_secret
定义“微信登录服务”为：http://localhost:9090/oauth/authorize
请求长期有效token的地址为：http://localhost:9090/oauth/token
拿到token后请求用户信息的地址为：http://localhost:9090/user
oauth-server表示微信客户端
pom文件：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.4.0</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.example</groupId>
<artifactId>oauth-server</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>oauth-server</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<spring-cloud.version>2020.0.0-M5</spring-cloud.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-oauth2</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>spring-milestones</id>
<name>Spring Milestones</name>
<url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
</repository>
</repositories>
</project>
创建SpringBoot启动类：
package com.wjw.oauthserver;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableResourceServer;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableResourceServer
public class OauthServerApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(OauthServerApplication.class, args);
}
}
创建controller：
提供一个API接口，模拟资源服务器
package com.wjw.oauthserver.controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import java.security.Principal;
@RestController
public class UserController {
@GetMapping("/user")
public Principal getCurrentUser(Principal principal) {
return principal;
}
}
创建oauth2的关键配置类：
package com.wjw.oauthserver.config;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.config.annotation.configurers.ClientDetailsServiceConfigurer;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.config.annotation.web.configuration.AuthorizationServerConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableAuthorizationServer;
@Configuration
@EnableAuthorizationServer
public class AuthorizationServerConfig extends AuthorizationServerConfigurerAdapter {
@Autowired
PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder;
@Override
public void configure(ClientDetailsServiceConfigurer clients) throws Exception {
clients.inMemory() // 在内存里
.withClient("my_client_id")
.secret(passwordEncoder.encode("my_client_secret")) // 加密密码
.autoApprove(true) // 允许所有子类用户登录
.redirectUris("http://localhost:8080/login") // 反跳会登录页面
.scopes("all")
.accessTokenValiditySeconds(3600)
.authorizedGrantTypes("authorization_code"); // 4大模式里的授权码模式
}
}
现在需要提供一个登录页面让用户输入用户名和密码，并设置一个管理员账户：
package com.wjw.oauthserver.config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.core.annotation.Order;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;
@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
@Order(1)
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
@Bean
PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
}
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
http.requestMatchers()
.antMatchers("/login")
.antMatchers("/oauth/authorize")
.and()
.authorizeRequests().anyRequest().authenticated()
.and()
.formLogin()
.permitAll()
.and()
.csrf().disable();
}
@Override
protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
auth.inMemoryAuthentication()
.withUser("wjw")
.password(passwordEncoder().encode("123456"))
.roles("admin");
}
}
配置文件application.yaml：
server.port=9090
分别启动oauth-server和oauth-client进行测试：
访问localhost:8080/hello
访问hello时会重定向到login
访问登录时又会重定向到微信登录：
之后又会重定向到：
输入账户名+密码：
继续看控制台：
登录成功后还是会被重定向
此时再访问就会有授权码了（只能用一次）：
此时浏览器拿着授权码才去真正请求王者荣耀的hello接口（浏览器自动使用授权码交换token，对用户透明）：
王者荣耀使用授权码请求微信得到一个token和用户信息并返回给浏览器，浏览器再使用这个token调王者荣耀的hello接口拿用户信息：
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