c#如何实现接口事件

Beth ·

更新时间:2024-09-21

· 842 次阅读

接口可以声明事件。下面的示例演示如何在类中实现接口事件。这些规则基本上都与实现任何接口方法或属性时的相同。

在类中实现接口事件

在类中声明事件，然后在相应区域中调用它。


namespace ImplementInterfaceEvents 
{ 
 public interface IDrawingObject 
 { 
  event EventHandler ShapeChanged; 
 } 
 public class MyEventArgs : EventArgs
 { 
  // class members 
 } 
 public class Shape : IDrawingObject 
 { 
  public event EventHandler ShapeChanged; 
  void ChangeShape() 
  { 
   // Do something here before the event… 
   OnShapeChanged(new MyEventArgs(/*arguments*/)); 
   // or do something here after the event.
  } 
  protected virtual void OnShapeChanged(MyEventArgs e) 
  { 
   ShapeChanged?.Invoke(this, e); 
  } 
 } 
}

示例

下面的示例演示如何处理不太常见的情况：类继承自两个或多个接口，且每个接口都具有相同名称的事件。在这种情况下，你必须为至少其中一个事件提供显式接口实现。为事件编写显式接口实现时，还必须编写 add 和 remove 事件访问器。通常这些访问器由编译器提供，但在这种情况下编译器不提供它们。

通过提供自己的访问器，可以指定两个事件是由类中的同一个事件表示，还是由不同事件表示。例如，如果根据接口规范应在不同时间引发事件，可以在类中将每个事件与单独实现关联。在下面的示例中，订阅服务器确定它们通过将形状引用转换为 IShape 或 IDrawingObject 接收哪个 OnDraw 事件。


namespace WrapTwoInterfaceEvents
{
 using System;
 public interface IDrawingObject
 {
  // Raise this event before drawing
  // the object.
  event EventHandler OnDraw;
 }
 public interface IShape
 {
  // Raise this event after drawing
  // the shape.
  event EventHandler OnDraw;
 }
 // Base class event publisher inherits two
 // interfaces, each with an OnDraw event
 public class Shape : IDrawingObject, IShape
 {
  // Create an event for each interface event
  event EventHandler PreDrawEvent;
  event EventHandler PostDrawEvent;
  object objectLock = new Object();
  // Explicit interface implementation required.
  // Associate IDrawingObject's event with
  // PreDrawEvent
  #region IDrawingObjectOnDraw
  event EventHandler IDrawingObject.OnDraw
  {
   add
   {
    lock (objectLock)
    {
     PreDrawEvent += value;
    }
   }
   remove
   {
    lock (objectLock)
    {
     PreDrawEvent -= value;
    }
   }
  }
  #endregion
  // Explicit interface implementation required.
  // Associate IShape's event with
  // PostDrawEvent
  event EventHandler IShape.OnDraw
  {
   add
   {
    lock (objectLock)
    {
     PostDrawEvent += value;
    }
   }
   remove
   {
    lock (objectLock)
    {
     PostDrawEvent -= value;
    }
   }
  }
  // For the sake of simplicity this one method
  // implements both interfaces.
  public void Draw()
  {
   // Raise IDrawingObject's event before the object is drawn.
   PreDrawEvent?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);
   Console.WriteLine("Drawing a shape.");
   // Raise IShape's event after the object is drawn.
   PostDrawEvent?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);
  }
 }
 public class Subscriber1
 {
  // References the shape object as an IDrawingObject
  public Subscriber1(Shape shape)
  {
   IDrawingObject d = (IDrawingObject)shape;
   d.OnDraw += d_OnDraw;
  }
  void d_OnDraw(object sender, EventArgs e)
  {
   Console.WriteLine("Sub1 receives the IDrawingObject event.");
  }
 }
 // References the shape object as an IShape
 public class Subscriber2
 {
  public Subscriber2(Shape shape)
  {
   IShape d = (IShape)shape;
   d.OnDraw += d_OnDraw;
  }
  void d_OnDraw(object sender, EventArgs e)
  {
   Console.WriteLine("Sub2 receives the IShape event.");
  }
 }
 public class Program
 {
  static void Main(string[] args)
  {
   Shape shape = new Shape();
   Subscriber1 sub = new Subscriber1(shape);
   Subscriber2 sub2 = new Subscriber2(shape);
   shape.Draw();
   // Keep the console window open in debug mode.
   System.Console.WriteLine("Press any key to exit.");
   System.Console.ReadKey();
  }
 }
}
/* Output:
 Sub1 receives the IDrawingObject event.
 Drawing a shape.
 Sub2 receives the IShape event.
*/

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实现接口 C# 事件接口

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