详解linux下fsevents模块引起的npm ls报错解决办法

有个项目在mac下开发，安装包npm i，一切正常；

把这个项目放到linux机器上，安装包npm i，报了一堆warning：

npm WARN optional SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: fsevents@^1.2.7 (node_modules/chokidar/node_modules/fsevents): npm WARN notsup SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: Unsupported platform for fsevents@1.2.7: wanted {"os":"darwin","arch":"any"} (current: {"os":"linux","arch":"x64"}) npm WARN 0403@1.0.0 No description npm WARN 0403@1.0.0 No repository field. npm WARN optional SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: abbrev@1.1.1 (node_modules/fsevents/node_modules/abbrev): npm WARN enoent SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: ENOENT: no such file or directory, rename '/root/2019/0403/node_modules/fsevents/node_modules/abbrev' -> '/root/2019/0403/node_modules/fsevents/node_modules/.abbrev.DELETE' npm WARN optional SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: ansi-regex@2.1.1 (node_modules/fsevents/node_modules/ansi-regex): npm WARN enoent SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: ENOENT: no such file or directory, rename '/root/2019/0403/node_modules/fsevents/node_modules/ansi-regex' -> '/root/2019/0403/node_modules/fsevents/node_modules/.ansi-regex.DELETE' npm WARN optional SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: aproba@1.2.0 (node_modules/fsevents/node_modules/aproba): npm WARN enoent SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: ENOENT: no such file or directory, rename '/root/2019/0403/node_modules/fsevents/node_modules/aproba' -> '/root/2019/0403/node_modules/fsevents/node_modules/.aproba.DELETE' npm WARN optional SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: balanced-match@1.0.0 (node_modules/fsevents/node_modules/balanced-match): npm WARN enoent SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: ENOENT: no such file or directory, rename '/root/2019/0403/node_modules/fsevents/node_modules/balanced-match' -> '/root/2019/0403/node_modules/fsevents/node_modules/.balanced-match.DELETE' npm WARN optional SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: chownr@1.1.1 (node_modules/fsevents/node_modules/chownr): npm WARN enoent SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: ENOENT: no such file or directory, rename '/root/2019/0403/node_modules/fsevents/node_modules/chownr' -> '/root/2019/0403/node_modules/fsevents/node_modules/.chownr.DELETE' npm WARN optional SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: code-point-at@1.1.0 (node_modules/fsevents/node_modules/code-point-at): npm WARN enoent SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: ENOENT: no such file or directory, rename '/root/2019/0403/node_modules/fsevents/node_modules/code-point-at' -> '/root/2019/0403/node_modules/fsevents/node_modules/.code-point-at.DELETE' ...

执行npm ls，有不少UNMET OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY的模块，最后还报了一堆错：

│ ├── define-property@2.0.2 deduped │ ├── extend-shallow@3.0.2 deduped │ ├── regex-not@1.0.2 deduped │ └─┬ safe-regex@1.1.0 │ └── ret@0.1.15 ├─┬ UNMET OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY fsevents@1.2.7 │ ├── nan@2.13.2 │ └─┬ UNMET OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY node-pre-gyp@0.10.3 │ ├── UNMET OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY detect-libc@1.0.3 │ ├─┬ UNMET DEPENDENCY mkdirp@0.5.1 │ │ └── UNMET DEPENDENCY minimist@0.0.8 │ ├─┬ UNMET OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY needle@2.2.4 │ │ ├─┬ UNMET OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY debug@2.6.9 │ │ │ └── UNMET OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY ms@2.0.0 │ │ ├─┬ UNMET OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY iconv-lite@0.4.24 │ │ │ └── UNMET OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY safer-buffer@2.1.2 │ │ └── UNMET OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY sax@1.2.4 │ ├─┬ UNMET OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY nopt@4.0.1 │ │ ├── UNMET OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY abbrev@1.1.1 │ │ └─┬ UNMET OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY osenv@0.1.5 │ │ ├── UNMET OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY os-homedir@1.0.2 │ │ └── UNMET OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY os-tmpdir@1.0.2 │ ├─┬ UNMET OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY npm-packlist@1.2.0 │ │ ├─┬ UNMET OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY ignore-walk@3.0.1 │ │ │ └─┬ UNMET DEPENDENCY minimatch@3.0.4 │ │ │ └─┬ UNMET DEPENDENCY brace-expansion@1.1.11 │ │ │ ├── UNMET DEPENDENCY balanced-match@1.0.0 │ │ │ └── UNMET DEPENDENCY concat-map@0.0.1 │ │ └── UNMET OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY npm-bundled@1.0.5 │ ├─┬ UNMET OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY npmlog@4.1.2 │ │ ├─┬ UNMET OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY are-we-there-yet@1.1.5 │ │ │ ├── UNMET OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY delegates@1.0.0 │ │ │ └─┬ UNMET OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY readable-stream@2.3.6 │ │ │ ├── UNMET OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY core-util-is@1.0.2 │ │ │ ├── UNMET DEPENDENCY inherits@2.0.3 │ │ │ ├── UNMET OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY isarray@1.0.0 │ │ │ ├── UNMET OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY process-nextick-args@2.0.0 │ │ │ ├── UNMET DEPENDENCY safe-buffer@5.1.2 │ │ │ ├─┬ UNMET OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY string_decoder@1.1.1 │ │ │ │ └── UNMET DEPENDENCY safe-buffer@5.1.2 │ │ │ └── UNMET OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY util-deprecate@1.0.2 │ │ ├── UNMET DEPENDENCY console-control-strings@1.1.0 │ │ ├─┬ UNMET OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY gauge@2.7.4 │ │ │ ├── UNMET OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY aproba@1.2.0 │ │ │ ├── UNMET DEPENDENCY console-control-strings@1.1.0 │ │ │ ├── UNMET OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY has-unicode@2.0.1 │ │ │ ├── UNMET OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY object-assign@4.1.1 │ │ │ ├── UNMET OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY signal-exit@3.0.2 │ │ │ ├─┬ UNMET DEPENDENCY string-width@1.0.2 │ │ │ │ ├── UNMET DEPENDENCY code-point-at@1.1.0 │ │ │ │ ├─┬ UNMET DEPENDENCY is-fullwidth-code-point@1.0.0 │ │ │ │ │ └── UNMET DEPENDENCY number-is-nan@1.0.1 │ │ │ │ └── UNMET DEPENDENCY strip-ansi@3.0.1 │ │ │ ├─┬ UNMET DEPENDENCY strip-ansi@3.0.1 │ │ │ │ └── UNMET DEPENDENCY ansi-regex@2.1.1 │ │ │ └─┬ UNMET OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY wide-align@1.1.3 │ │ │ └── UNMET DEPENDENCY string-width@1.0.2 │ │ └── UNMET OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY set-blocking@2.0.0 │ ├─┬ UNMET OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY rc@1.2.8 │ │ ├── UNMET OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY deep-extend@0.6.0 │ │ ├── UNMET OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY ini@1.3.5 │ │ ├── UNMET OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY minimist@1.2.0 │ │ └── UNMET OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY strip-json-comments@2.0.1 │ ├─┬ UNMET OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY rimraf@2.6.3 │ │ └─┬ UNMET OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY glob@7.1.3 │ │ ├── UNMET OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY fs.realpath@1.0.0 │ │ ├─┬ UNMET OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY inflight@1.0.6 │ │ │ ├── UNMET DEPENDENCY once@1.4.0 │ │ │ └── UNMET DEPENDENCY wrappy@1.0.2 │ │ ├── UNMET DEPENDENCY inherits@2.0.3 │ │ ├── UNMET DEPENDENCY minimatch@3.0.4 │ │ ├─┬ UNMET DEPENDENCY once@1.4.0 │ │ │ └── UNMET DEPENDENCY wrappy@1.0.2 │ │ └── UNMET OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY path-is-absolute@1.0.1 │ ├── UNMET OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY semver@5.6.0 │ └─┬ UNMET OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY tar@4.4.8 │ ├── UNMET OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY chownr@1.1.1 │ ├─┬ UNMET OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY fs-minipass@1.2.5 │ │ └── UNMET DEPENDENCY minipass@2.3.5 │ ├─┬ UNMET DEPENDENCY minipass@2.3.5 │ │ ├── UNMET DEPENDENCY safe-buffer@5.1.2 │ │ └── UNMET DEPENDENCY yallist@3.0.3 │ ├─┬ UNMET OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY minizlib@1.2.1 │ │ └── UNMET DEPENDENCY minipass@2.3.5 │ ├── UNMET DEPENDENCY mkdirp@0.5.1 │ ├── UNMET DEPENDENCY safe-buffer@5.1.2 │ └── UNMET DEPENDENCY yallist@3.0.3 ├─┬ glob-parent@3.1.0 │ ├─┬ is-glob@3.1.0 │ │ └── is-extglob@2.1.1 deduped │ └── path-dirname@1.0.2 ├── inherits@2.0.3 ├─┬ is-binary-path@1.0.1 │ └── binary-extensions@1.13.1 ├─┬ is-glob@4.0.1 │ └── is-extglob@2.1.1 ├── normalize-path@3.0.0 ├── path-is-absolute@1.0.1 ├─┬ readdirp@2.2.1 │ ├── graceful-fs@4.1.15 │ ├── micromatch@3.1.10 deduped │ └─┬ readable-stream@2.3.6 │ ├── core-util-is@1.0.2 │ ├── inherits@2.0.3 deduped │ ├── isarray@1.0.0 │ ├── process-nextick-args@2.0.0 │ ├── safe-buffer@5.1.2 │ ├─┬ string_decoder@1.1.1 │ │ └── safe-buffer@5.1.2 deduped │ └── util-deprecate@1.0.2 └── upath@1.1.2 npm ERR! missing: mkdirp@0.5.1, required by node-pre-gyp@0.10.3 npm ERR! missing: minimist@0.0.8, required by mkdirp@0.5.1 npm ERR! missing: minimatch@3.0.4, required by ignore-walk@3.0.1 npm ERR! missing: brace-expansion@1.1.11, required by minimatch@3.0.4 npm ERR! missing: balanced-match@1.0.0, required by brace-expansion@1.1.11 npm ERR! missing: concat-map@0.0.1, required by brace-expansion@1.1.11 npm ERR! missing: console-control-strings@1.1.0, required by npmlog@4.1.2 npm ERR! missing: inherits@2.0.3, required by readable-stream@2.3.6 npm ERR! missing: safe-buffer@5.1.2, required by readable-stream@2.3.6 npm ERR! missing: safe-buffer@5.1.2, required by string_decoder@1.1.1 npm ERR! missing: console-control-strings@1.1.0, required by gauge@2.7.4 npm ERR! missing: string-width@1.0.2, required by gauge@2.7.4 npm ERR! missing: strip-ansi@3.0.1, required by gauge@2.7.4 npm ERR! missing: code-point-at@1.1.0, required by string-width@1.0.2 npm ERR! missing: is-fullwidth-code-point@1.0.0, required by string-width@1.0.2 npm ERR! missing: strip-ansi@3.0.1, required by string-width@1.0.2 npm ERR! missing: number-is-nan@1.0.1, required by is-fullwidth-code-point@1.0.0 npm ERR! missing: ansi-regex@2.1.1, required by strip-ansi@3.0.1 npm ERR! missing: string-width@1.0.2, required by wide-align@1.1.3 npm ERR! missing: inherits@2.0.3, required by glob@7.1.3 npm ERR! missing: minimatch@3.0.4, required by glob@7.1.3 npm ERR! missing: once@1.4.0, required by glob@7.1.3 npm ERR! missing: once@1.4.0, required by inflight@1.0.6 npm ERR! missing: wrappy@1.0.2, required by inflight@1.0.6 npm ERR! missing: wrappy@1.0.2, required by once@1.4.0 npm ERR! missing: minipass@2.3.5, required by tar@4.4.8 npm ERR! missing: mkdirp@0.5.1, required by tar@4.4.8 npm ERR! missing: safe-buffer@5.1.2, required by tar@4.4.8 npm ERR! missing: yallist@3.0.3, required by tar@4.4.8 npm ERR! missing: minipass@2.3.5, required by fs-minipass@1.2.5 npm ERR! missing: safe-buffer@5.1.2, required by minipass@2.3.5 npm ERR! missing: yallist@3.0.3, required by minipass@2.3.5 npm ERR! missing: minipass@2.3.5, required by minizlib@1.2.1

仔细观察发现UNMET OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY的模块和npm ERR是同一批模块，也是安装时报warning的那些模块。

再仔细观察发现这些都是fsevents依赖的模块。

fsevents只能在macOS下安装，无法在linux系统安装。linux下会跳过fsevents模块，也不会安装fsevents依赖的模块。

这其实算是npm的一个bug，npm i时报Warn，npm ls又报Err，前后不一致，容易有误解。

目前无论用哪个版本的npm都会有这个问题，npm i --no-optional也不能解决这个问题。

这些报错不影响项目的正常运行，因为linux不需要fsevents。

如果不希望看到npm Err，可以用npm i -f强制安装，安装过程没有warn，安装完后npm ls看下：

└─┬ chokidar@2.1.5 └── fsevents@1.2.7

干净了，没有任何报错。

我的项目是chokidar这个模块依赖了fsevents，chokidar又是browser-sync、webpack等依赖的。

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