Java实现一个简易聊天室流程
目录
文件传输
Tcp方式
Udp 方式
简易聊天室的实现
接收端
发送端
启动
说到网络，相信大家都对TCP、UDP和HTTP协议这些都不是很陌生，学习这部分应该先对端口、Ip地址这些基础知识有一定了解，后面我们都是直接上demo来解释代码
文件传输 Tcp方式这里我们指的是C/S架构的文件传输，需要涉及一个客户端Client和服务器端（Server)，这里采用的是TCP协议进行传输的，TCP需要经过三次握手和四次挥手，需要注意的是Client上传文件我们需要告诉服务器，我已经传输完成了socket.shutdownOutput()。
服务器
import java.io.*;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
public class TestServerUpload {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(9999);
Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
// 或去输入
InputStream is = socket.getInputStream();
FileOutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(new File("receive.jpg"));
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int len;
while ((len = is.read(buffer)) != -1) {
outputStream.write(buffer, 0, len);
}
OutputStream outputStream1 = socket.getOutputStream();
outputStream1.write("我接收完毕了".getBytes());
is.close();
outputStream.close();
serverSocket.close();
serverSocket.close();
outputStream1.close();
}
}
客户端
import java.io.*;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
public class TestClientUpload {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"), 9999);
// 创建输出流
OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(new File("1.jpg"));
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int len;
while (((len = fileInputStream.read(buffer))) != -1) {
outputStream.write(buffer, 0, len);
}
// 通知服务器我已经结束了
socket.shutdownOutput();
InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
byte[] buffer2 = new byte[1024];
int len2;
while ((len2 = inputStream.read(buffer2)) != -1) {
baos.write(buffer2, 0, len2);
}
System.out.println(baos.toString());
socket.close();
fileInputStream.close();
outputStream.close();
inputStream.close();
baos.close();
}
}
Udp 方式
UDP是一种只管发送，不需要确保你已经接收的通信协议，就比如短信，我只管发送给您，但是不管有没有接收到。
public class UdpClient {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// 1. 建包
DatagramSocket socket = null;
try {
socket = new DatagramSocket();
} catch (SocketException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
// 2. 建个包
String msg = "早安呀，大勇";
InetAddress localhost = InetAddress.getByName("localhost");
int port = 9999;
DatagramPacket datagramPacket = new DatagramPacket(msg.getBytes(), 0, msg.getBytes().length, localhost, port);
// 3. 发送包
socket.send(datagramPacket);
socket.close();
}
}
public class UdpServer {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
// 开发端口
DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(9999);
// 收包
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
DatagramPacket datagramPacket = new DatagramPacket(buffer, 0, buffer.length);
// 阻塞接收
socket.receive(datagramPacket);
System.out.println(new String(datagramPacket.getData(), 0, datagramPacket.getLength()));
System.out.println(datagramPacket.getAddress().getHostAddress());
socket.close();
}
}
简易聊天室的实现
接收端
public class TalkReceive implements Runnable {
DatagramSocket socket;
private int port;
private String msgFrom;
public TalkReceive(int port, String msgFrom) {
this.msgFrom = msgFrom;
this.port = port;
try {
socket = new DatagramSocket(port);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Override
public void run() {
while (true) {
try {
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
DatagramPacket datagramPacket = new DatagramPacket(buffer, 0, buffer.length);
socket.receive(datagramPacket);
if (datagramPacket.getLength() > 0) {
byte[] data = datagramPacket.getData();
String receiveDatas = new String(data, 0, data.length);
System.out.println("接收到了"+ msgFrom + receiveDatas);
if ("bye".equals(receiveDatas)) {
break;
}
}
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
socket.close();
}
}
发送端
public class TalkSend implements Runnable {
DatagramSocket socket = null;
private int fromPort;
private String toIp;
private int toPort;
BufferedReader reader = null;
public TalkSend(int fromPort, String toIp, int port) {
this.fromPort = fromPort;
this.toIp = toIp;
this.toPort = port;
try {
socket = new DatagramSocket(fromPort);
reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Override
public void run() {
while (true) {
try {
String data = reader.readLine();
byte[] datas = data.getBytes();
DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(datas, 0, data.length(), new InetSocketAddress(this.toIp, toPort));
socket.send(packet);
if ("bye".equals(data)) {
break;
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
// 数据
}
socket.close();
}
}
启动
public class TalkStudent {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Thread(new TalkSend(7777, "localhost", 9999)).start();
new Thread(new TalkReceive(8888, "老师")).start();
}
}
public class TalkTeacher {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Thread(new TalkSend(5555, "localhost", 8888)).start();
new Thread(new TalkReceive(9999, "学生")).start();
}
}
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