本文实例为大家分享了android实现手机与单片机蓝牙模块通信的具体代码，供大家参考，具体内容如下
我是参考原博客的内容去写的，由于原博客写的不全，少了关键的几个类，然后我就凭借自己扎实的功底补出来了，现在蓝牙工作正常，能发能收！在看这边文章之前你要先了解一下蓝牙的工作状态，我的代码里面可能解释的不是很详细，但是我自己是能看懂的！
package com.example.fsl.bluetooth;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.ProgressBar;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.UUID;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private Toolbar toolbar;
private TextView status;
private StringBuilder mstringbuilder;
private static final UUID MY_UUID=UUID.fromString("00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB");//没有用到
BluetoothReceiver receiver;
BluetoothAdapter mBtAdapter;
BluetoothSocket mBtSocket;
private BlueToothTool client;
private ListView mListView;
private List<String> ListDevice;
private ArrayAdapter<String> mAdapter;
private Button mbutton;
private EditText editText;
private ProgressBar progressBar;
private LoopProgressBar loopProgressBar;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
toolbar=(Toolbar)findViewById(R.id.toolbar);
status=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.textView2);
mListView=(ListView)findViewById(R.id.listView);
mbutton=(Button)findViewById(R.id.button);
editText=(EditText)findViewById(R.id.editText);
progressBar=(ProgressBar)findViewById(R.id.progressBar);
progressBar.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
loopProgressBar=(LoopProgressBar)findViewById(R.id.loop);
ListDevice=new ArrayList<String>();
mstringbuilder=new StringBuilder();
setSupportActionBar(toolbar);
enablebluetooth();
mbutton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
BlueToothTool.WriteTask W=client.new WriteTask(editText.getText().toString());
W.start();
}
});
mListView.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {
@Override
public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {
mBtAdapter.cancelDiscovery();//停止搜索
progressBar.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
String str = ListDevice.get(position);
String macAdress = str.split("\\|")[1];
BluetoothDevice device = mBtAdapter.getRemoteDevice(macAdress);
client=new BlueToothTool(device,handler);
try{
client.connect();
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
});
}
/**
*开启蓝牙且被发现
*/
private void enablebluetooth(){
mBtAdapter=BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
/**
*if(!mBtAdapter.isEnabled()){这里可以先使能，可以在REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE处使能，这样的话可以连使能和请求被发现一块完成
// mBtAdapter.enable();
Intent enableIntent=new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);
startActivityForResult(enableIntent,REQUEST_ENABLE);
}
else {
show("蓝牙已开启");
}*/
Intent enable = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE);
enable.putExtra(BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_DISCOVERABLE_DURATION, 300);
startActivityForResult(enable, REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE);
}
/**
* 销毁事件，注销广播
*/
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
unregisterReceiver(receiver);
super.onDestroy();
}
private final Handler handler = new Handler() {
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
switch (msg.what) {
case BlueToothTool.CONNECT_FAILED:
show("连接失败");
try {
client.connect();
} catch (Exception e) {
Log.e("TAG", e.toString());
}
break;
case BlueToothTool.CONNECT_SUCCESS:
show("连接成功");
mListView.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
break;
case BlueToothTool.READ_FAILED:
show("读取失败");
break;
case BlueToothTool.WRITE_FAILED:
show("写入失败");
break;
case BlueToothTool.DATA:
mstringbuilder.append(msg.obj.toString());
show(mstringbuilder.toString());
break;
}
}
};
/**
* 请求响应结果
* @param requestCode
* @param resultCode
* @param data
*/
@Override
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
switch (requestCode){
/**
*case REQUEST_ENABLE:
if(requestCode!= Activity.RESULT_OK){
show("蓝牙未开启");
}
else
show("蓝牙已开启");
break;*/
case REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE:
if(resultCode==Activity.RESULT_CANCELED){
show("蓝牙未开启");
}
else
show("蓝牙已开启");
break;
default:
break;
}
}
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu){
getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.menu,menu);
return true;
}
private static final int REQUEST_ENABLE=1;
private static final int REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE=2;
/**
* 注册广播事件
*/
@Override
public void onResume(){
super.onResume();
IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);
receiver = new BluetoothReceiver();
registerReceiver(receiver, filter);
filter=new IntentFilter(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED);
registerReceiver(receiver,filter);
}
/**
* 广播
*/
private class BluetoothReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
String action = intent.getAction();
if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {
BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
String str = device.getName() + "|" + device.getAddress();
if (ListDevice.indexOf(str) == -1)// 防止重复添加
ListDevice.add(str); // 获取设备名称和mac地址
if (mAdapter != null) {
mAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
}
showDevices();
}
else if(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED.equals(action)){
progressBar.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
show("已停止寻找");
}
}
};
/**
* 菜单栏点击事件
* @param item
* @return
*/
@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
switch (item.getItemId()){
case R.id.search:
if(!mBtAdapter.isEnabled()){
show("蓝牙未开启");
}
else {
mBtAdapter.startDiscovery();
show("正在寻找设备");
progressBar.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
}
break;
case R.id.about:
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"关于我们",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
default:
}
return true;
}
private void showDevices() {
mAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1,
ListDevice);
mListView.setAdapter(mAdapter);
}
/**
* 更新UI方法
* @param string
*/
private void show(final String string){
runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
status.setText(string);
}
});
}
}
然后我的读任务和写任务以及连接任务是在另一个类里面实现的，也就是BlueToothTool类，这个类一个原博客是没有写的，只是MainActivity中用到了这个类的一些方法，但是没有给出，所以就让一些同学很蛋疼。我看完之后是自己补全的这个类！
package com.example.fsl.bluetooth;
import android.app.Notification;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket;
import android.content.Context;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.support.v4.app.NotificationCompat;
import android.util.Log;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.logging.LogRecord;
/**
* Created by Fsl on 2017/12/22.
*/
public class BlueToothTool {
private BluetoothDevice device;
private Handler mhandler;
BluetoothSocket socket;
static final int CONNECT_FAILED=1;
static final int CONNECT_SUCCESS=5;
static final int READ_FAILED=2;
static final int WRITE_FAILED=3;
static final int DATA=4;
private boolean isConnect=false;
public BlueToothTool(BluetoothDevice device,Handler handler){
this.device=device;
this.mhandler=handler;
}
/**
*开辟连接线程任务
*/
public void connect(){
Thread thread = new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
BluetoothSocket tmp = null;
Method method;
try {
method = device.getClass().getMethod("createRfcommSocket", new Class[]{int.class});
tmp = (BluetoothSocket) method.invoke(device, 1);
} catch (Exception e) {
setState(CONNECT_FAILED);
Log.e("TAG", e.toString());
}
socket = tmp;
try {
socket.connect();
isConnect = true;
setState(CONNECT_SUCCESS);
Readtask readtask = new Readtask(); //连接成功后开启读取数据的线程
readtask.start();
} catch (Exception e) {
setState(CONNECT_FAILED);
Log.e("TAG", e.toString());
}
}
});
new Thread(thread).start();
}
/**
*开辟线程读任务
*/
public class Readtask extends Thread{
@Override
public void run(){
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int bytes;
InputStream inputStream ; //建立输入流读取数据
while (true) {
try {
inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
if ((bytes = inputStream.read(buffer)) > 0) {
byte[] buf_data= new byte[bytes];
for (int i = 0; i < bytes; i++) {
buf_data[i] = buffer[i];
}
String s = new String(buf_data);
Message msg = mhandler.obtainMessage();
msg.what = DATA;
msg.obj = s;
mhandler.sendMessage(msg);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
setState(READ_FAILED);
Log.e("TAG", e.toString());
break;
}
}
if (socket != null) {
try {
socket.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
Log.e("TAG", e.toString());
}
}
}
}
/**
*开辟线程写任务
*/
public class WriteTask extends Thread{
private String srt;
public WriteTask(String str){
this.srt=str;
}
@Override
public void run(){
OutputStream outputStream=null;
byte[] st=srt.getBytes();
try{
outputStream=socket.getOutputStream();
outputStream.write(st);
}catch (Exception e){
setState(WRITE_FAILED);
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
private void setState(int mes){
Message message=new Message();
message.what=mes;
mhandler.sendMessage(message);
}
/**
*下面这个方法目前还没有用到
*/
private byte[] getHexBytes(String message) {
int len = message.length() / 2;
char[] chars = message.toCharArray();
String[] hexStr = new String[len];
byte[] bytes = new byte[len];
for (int i = 0, j = 0; j < len; i += 2, j++) {
hexStr[j] = "" + chars[i] + chars[i + 1];
bytes[j] = (byte) Integer.parseInt(hexStr[j], 16);
}
return bytes;
}
}
以上就是我的蓝牙与单片机连接通信的全过程，顺便说一下，这个连接是自动连接的，不需要什么秘钥什么的，直接搜索到HC-05蓝牙直接就可以确定连接，亲测有效。
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