关于VMware中安装Ubuntu18.04.4设置静态ip以及apt换源的问题与解决

Faith ·

更新时间:2024-11-13

· 862 次阅读

最近开始学着使用Ubuntu操作系统
有着安装CentOS的经验，本安装过程会很简单，但发现还是有好多地方不一样的，甚至想骂娘，o(╥﹏╥)o。
本篇作为整理，中间详细步骤就不列出

主要问题在apt换源、设置静态ip（网上关于虚拟机中ip设置直接在更改虚拟机网络编辑器中设置还原默认设置，当然这也可以，但我因为一些原因得设置静态ip）

设置静态ip：

查看虚拟机网络编辑器中子网ip、子网掩码、网关ip
在这里插入图片描述

修改 /etc/hosts 文件：

localhost前面的ip不用改不用注释，hostname前面的ip地址改为自己想要设置的ip，hostname在/etc/hostname更改

在这里插入图片描述

修改 /etcresolv.conf 文件：

在文件的内容尾部添加一行：nameserver:114.114.114.114

修改 /etc/netplan/***.yaml 文件

这个yaml 文件最恶心，第一次接触，格式要求那么多
1.不能以 tab 键来间隔
2.每行：冒号后面得空一格
3.层次结构明显
4.addresses后面中括号中填写子网ip地址后面加 /24 （24表示子网掩码的长度是24位）

关键之关键是看清配置总共分为五个层次，逐层向后至少空一格，
第一层－network:
第二层－－ ethernets:
第三层－－－ ens33: #配置的网卡名称
第四层－－－－addresses: #设置本机IP及掩码
第四层－－－－gateway4: #设置网关
第四层－－－－nameservers:
第五层－－－－－addresses: [114.114.114.114, 8.8.8.8] #设置DNS 在这里插入图片描述

查看修改ubuntu网络设置对不对
在这里插入图片描述

ping 测试
在这里插入图片描述

apt换源

复制源文件，备份

sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak

添加源

sudo vim /etc/apt/sources.list

添加内容

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

apt更新

sudo apt-get update

更多源：

中科大源：

deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

163源：

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse

清华源：

deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

作者：变秃，才能变强

VMware ubuntu ip apt 静态ip

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