.net core2.0下使用Identity改用dapper存储数据(实例讲解)

Ilona ·

更新时间:2024-09-20

· 923 次阅读

前言、

已经好多天没写博客了，鉴于空闲无聊之时又兴起想写写博客，也当是给自己做个笔记。过了这么些天，我的文笔还是依然那么烂就请多多谅解了。今天主要是分享一下在使用.net core2.0下的实际遇到的情况。在使用webapi时用了identity做用户验证。官方文档是的是用EF存储数据来使用dapper，因为个人偏好原因所以不想用EF。于是乎就去折腾。改成使用dapper做数据存储。于是就有了以下的经验。

一、使用Identity服务

先找到Startup.cs 这个类文件找到 ConfigureServices 方法


services.AddIdentity<ApplicationUser, ApplicationRole>().AddDefaultTokenProviders();//添加Identity
services.AddTransient<IUserStore<ApplicationUser>, CustomUserStore>();
services.AddTransient<IRoleStore<ApplicationRole>, CustomRoleStore>();
string connectionString = Configuration.GetConnectionString("SqlConnectionStr");
services.AddTransient<SqlConnection>(e => new SqlConnection(connectionString));
services.AddTransient<DapperUsersTable>();

然后在 Configure 方法的 app.UseMvc() 前加入下列代码，net core 1.0的时候是app.UseIdentity() 现在已经弃用改为以下方法。


//使用验证
app.UseAuthentication();

这里的 ApplicationUser 是自定义的一个用户模型具体是继承 IdentityUser 继承它的一些属性


public class ApplicationUser :IdentityUser
 {
  public string AuthenticationType { get; set; }
  public bool IsAuthenticated { get; set; }
  public string Name { get; set; }
 }

这里的 CustomUserStore 是自定义提供用户的所有数据操作的方法的类它需要继承三个接口：IUserStore，IUserPasswordStore，IUserEmailStore

IUserStore<TUser>接口是在用户存储中必须实现的唯一接口。它定义了用于创建、更新、删除和检索用户的方法。

IUserPasswordStore<TUser>接口定义实现以保持经过哈希处理的密码的方法。它包含用于获取和设置工作经过哈希处理的密码，以及用于指示用户是否已设置密码的方法的方法。

IUserEmailStore<TUser>接口定义实现以存储用户电子邮件地址的方法。它包含用于获取和设置的电子邮件地址和是否确认电子邮件的方法。

这里跟.net core 1.0的实现接口方式有点不同。需要多实现 IUserEmailStore 才能不报错

具体代码如下。以供大家参考。

CustomUserStore


using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity;
using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Threading;
namespace YepMarsCRM.Web.CustomProvider
{
 /// <summary>
 /// This store is only partially implemented. It supports user creation and find methods.
 /// </summary>
 public class CustomUserStore : IUserStore<ApplicationUser>,
  IUserPasswordStore<ApplicationUser>,
  IUserEmailStore<ApplicationUser>
 {
  private readonly DapperUsersTable _usersTable;
  public CustomUserStore(DapperUsersTable usersTable)
  {
   _usersTable = usersTable;
  }
  #region createuser
  public async Task<IdentityResult> CreateAsync(ApplicationUser user,
   CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
  {
   cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
   if (user == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(user));
   return await _usersTable.CreateAsync(user);
  }
  #endregion
  public async Task<IdentityResult> DeleteAsync(ApplicationUser user,
   CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
  {
   cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
   if (user == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(user));
   return await _usersTable.DeleteAsync(user);
  }
  public void Dispose()
  {
  }
  public Task<ApplicationUser> FindByEmailAsync(string normalizedEmail, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
  {
   throw new NotImplementedException();
  }
  public async Task<ApplicationUser> FindByIdAsync(string userId,
   CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
  {
   cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
   if (userId == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(userId));
   Guid idGuid;
   if (!Guid.TryParse(userId, out idGuid))
   {
    throw new ArgumentException("Not a valid Guid id", nameof(userId));
   }
   return await _usersTable.FindByIdAsync(idGuid);
  }
  public async Task<ApplicationUser> FindByNameAsync(string userName,
   CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
  {
   cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
   if (userName == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(userName));
   return await _usersTable.FindByNameAsync(userName);
  }
  public Task<string> GetEmailAsync(ApplicationUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
  {
   cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
   if (user == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(user));
   return Task.FromResult(user.Email);
  }
  public Task<bool> GetEmailConfirmedAsync(ApplicationUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
  {
   throw new NotImplementedException();
  }
  public Task<string> GetNormalizedEmailAsync(ApplicationUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
  {
   throw new NotImplementedException();
  }
  public Task<string> GetNormalizedUserNameAsync(ApplicationUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
  {
   throw new NotImplementedException();
  }
  public Task<string> GetPasswordHashAsync(ApplicationUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
  {
   cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
   if (user == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(user));
   return Task.FromResult(user.PasswordHash);
  }
  public Task<string> GetUserIdAsync(ApplicationUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
  {
   cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
   if (user == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(user));
   return Task.FromResult(user.Id.ToString());
  }
  public Task<string> GetUserNameAsync(ApplicationUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
  {
   cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
   if (user == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(user));
   return Task.FromResult(user.UserName);
  }
  public Task<bool> HasPasswordAsync(ApplicationUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
  {
   throw new NotImplementedException();
  }
  public Task SetEmailAsync(ApplicationUser user, string email, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
  {
   throw new NotImplementedException();
  }
  public Task SetEmailConfirmedAsync(ApplicationUser user, bool confirmed, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
  {
   throw new NotImplementedException();
  }
  public Task SetNormalizedEmailAsync(ApplicationUser user, string normalizedEmail, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
  {
   cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
   if (user == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(user));
   if (normalizedEmail == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(normalizedEmail));
   user.NormalizedEmail = normalizedEmail;
   return Task.FromResult<object>(null);
  }
  public Task SetNormalizedUserNameAsync(ApplicationUser user, string normalizedName, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
  {
   cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
   if (user == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(user));
   if (normalizedName == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(normalizedName));
   user.NormalizedUserName = normalizedName;
   return Task.FromResult<object>(null);
  }
  public Task SetPasswordHashAsync(ApplicationUser user, string passwordHash, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
  {
   cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
   if (user == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(user));
   if (passwordHash == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(passwordHash));
   user.PasswordHash = passwordHash;
   return Task.FromResult<object>(null);
  }
  public Task SetUserNameAsync(ApplicationUser user, string userName, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
  {
   throw new NotImplementedException();
  }
  public Task<IdentityResult> UpdateAsync(ApplicationUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
  {
   return _usersTable.UpdateAsync(user);
  }
 }
}

二、使用使用dapper做数据存储

接着就是使用dapper做数据存储。该类的方法都是通过 CustomUserStore 调用去操作数据库的。具体代码如下。根据实际的用户表去操作dapper即可。

DapperUsersTable


using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Threading;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using System;
using Dapper;
using YepMarsCRM.Enterprise.DataBase.Model;
using YepMarsCRM.Enterprise.DataBase.Data;
namespace YepMarsCRM.Web.CustomProvider
{
 public class DapperUsersTable
 {
  private readonly SqlConnection _connection;
  private readonly Sys_AccountData _sys_AccountData;
  public DapperUsersTable(SqlConnection connection)
  {
   _connection = connection;
   _sys_AccountData = new Sys_AccountData();
  }
  private Sys_Account ApplicationUserToAccount(ApplicationUser user)
  {
   return new Sys_Account
   {
    Id = user.Id,
    UserName = user.UserName,
    PasswordHash = user.PasswordHash,
    Email = user.Email,
    EmailConfirmed = user.EmailConfirmed,
    PhoneNumber = user.PhoneNumber,
    PhoneNumberConfirmed = user.PhoneNumberConfirmed,
    LockoutEnd = user.LockoutEnd?.DateTime,
    LockoutEnabled = user.LockoutEnabled,
    AccessFailedCount = user.AccessFailedCount,
   };
  }
  #region createuser
  public async Task<IdentityResult> CreateAsync(ApplicationUser user)
  {
   int rows = await _sys_AccountData.InsertAsync(ApplicationUserToAccount(user));
   if (rows > 0)
   {
    return IdentityResult.Success;
   }
   return IdentityResult.Failed(new IdentityError { Description = $"Could not insert user {user.Email}." });
  }
  #endregion
  public async Task<IdentityResult> DeleteAsync(ApplicationUser user)
  {
   //string sql = "DELETE FROM Sys_Account WHERE Id = @Id";
   //int rows = await _connection.ExecuteAsync(sql, new { user.Id });
   int rows = await _sys_AccountData.DeleteForPKAsync(ApplicationUserToAccount(user));
   if (rows > 0)
   {
    return IdentityResult.Success;
   }
   return IdentityResult.Failed(new IdentityError { Description = $"Could not delete user {user.Email}." });
  }
  public async Task<ApplicationUser> FindByIdAsync(Guid userId)
  {
   string sql = "SELECT * FROM Sys_Account WHERE Id = @Id;";
   return await _connection.QuerySingleOrDefaultAsync<ApplicationUser>(sql, new
   {
    Id = userId
   });
  }
  public async Task<ApplicationUser> FindByNameAsync(string userName)
  {
   string sql = "SELECT * FROM Sys_Account WHERE UserName = @UserName;";
   return await _connection.QuerySingleOrDefaultAsync<ApplicationUser>(sql, new
   {
    UserName = userName
   });
   //var user = new ApplicationUser() { UserName = userName, Email = userName, EmailConfirmed = false };
   //user.PasswordHash = new PasswordHasher<ApplicationUser>().HashPassword(user, "test");
   //return await Task.FromResult(user);
  }
  public async Task<IdentityResult> UpdateAsync(ApplicationUser applicationUser)
  {
   var user = ApplicationUserToAccount(applicationUser);
   var result = await _sys_AccountData.UpdateForPKAsync(user);
   if (result > 0)
   {
    return IdentityResult.Success;
   }
   return IdentityResult.Failed(new IdentityError { Description = $"Could not update user {user.Email}." });
  }
 }
}

三、使用UserManager、SignInManager验证操作

新建一个 AccountController 控制器并在构造函数中获取依赖注入的对象 UserManager 与 SignInManager 如下：


[Authorize]
　　public class AccountController : Controller
 {
  private readonly UserManager<ApplicationUser> _userManager;
  private readonly SignInManager<ApplicationUser> _signInManager;
  private readonly ILogger _logger;
public AccountController(UserManager<ApplicationUser> userManager,
   SignInManager<ApplicationUser> signInManager,
   ILoggerFactory loggerFactory)
  {
   _userManager = userManager;
   _signInManager = signInManager;
   _logger = loggerFactory.CreateLogger<AccountController>();
  }
 }

SignInManager 是提供用户登录登出的API ，UserManager 是提供用户管理的API。

接着来实现一下简单的登录登出。


/// <summary>
  /// 登录
  /// </summary>
  [HttpPost]
  [AllowAnonymous]
  public async Task<IActionResult> Login(ReqLoginModel req)
  {
   var json = new JsonResultModel<object>();
   if (ModelState.IsValid)
   {
    var result = await _signInManager.PasswordSignInAsync(req.UserName, req.Password, isPersistent: true, lockoutOnFailure: false);
    if (result.Succeeded)
    {
     json.code = "200";
     json.message = "登录成功";
    }
    else
    {
     json.code = "400";
     json.message = "登录失败";
    }
    if (result.IsLockedOut)
    {
     json.code = "401";
     json.message = "账户密码已错误3次，账户被锁定，请30分钟后再尝试";
    }
   }
   else
   {
    var errorMessges = ModelState.GetErrorMessage();
    json.code = "403";
    json.message = string.Join("，", errorMessges);
   }
   return json.ToJsonResult();
  }


/// <summary>
  /// 登出
  /// </summary>
  /// <returns></returns>
  [HttpPost]
  public async Task<IActionResult> LogOut()
  {await _signInManager.SignOutAsync();
   var json = new JsonResultModel<object>()
   {
    code = "200",
    data = null,
    message = "登出成功",
    remark = string.Empty
   };
   return json.ToJsonResult();
  }

四、使用Identity配置

在 ConfigureServices 方法中加入


services.Configure<IdentityOptions>(options =>
   {
    // 密码配置
    options.Password.RequireDigit = false;//是否需要数字(0-9).
    options.Password.RequiredLength = 6;//设置密码长度最小为6
    options.Password.RequireNonAlphanumeric = false;//是否包含非字母或数字字符。
    options.Password.RequireUppercase = false;//是否需要大写字母(A-Z).
    options.Password.RequireLowercase = false;//是否需要小写字母(a-z).
    //options.Password.RequiredUniqueChars = 6;
    // 锁定设置
    options.Lockout.DefaultLockoutTimeSpan = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(30);//账户锁定时长30分钟
    options.Lockout.MaxFailedAccessAttempts = 3;//10次失败的尝试将账户锁定
    //options.Lockout.AllowedForNewUsers = true;
    // 用户设置
    options.User.RequireUniqueEmail = false; //是否Email地址必须唯一
   });
   services.ConfigureApplicationCookie(options =>
   {
    // Cookie settings
    options.Cookie.HttpOnly = true;
    //options.Cookie.Expiration = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(30);//30分钟
    options.Cookie.Expiration = TimeSpan.FromHours(12);//12小时
    options.LoginPath = "/api/Account/NotLogin"; // If the LoginPath is not set here, ASP.NET Core will default to /Account/Login
    //options.LogoutPath = "/api/Account/Logout"; // If the LogoutPath is not set here, ASP.NET Core will default to /Account/Logout
    //options.AccessDeniedPath = "/Account/AccessDenied"; // If the AccessDeniedPath is not set here, ASP.NET Core will default to /Account/AccessDenied
    options.SlidingExpiration = true;
   });

五、其他

在实现的过程中遇到一些小状况。例如Identity不生效。是因为未在app.UseMvc() 之前使用造成的。如果未登录会造成跳转。后来查看了.net core Identity 的源码后发现如果是ajax情况下不会跳转而时返回401的状态码页面。

然后就是Idenetity的密码加密是用 PasswordHasher 这个类去加密的。如果想用自己的加密方式。只能通过继承接口去更改原本的方式。然后大致说到这么些。也当是给自己做做笔记。做得不好请大家多给点意见。多多谅解。谢谢。

以上这篇.net core2.0下使用Identity改用dapper存储数据(实例讲解)就是小编分享给大家的全部内容了，希望能给大家一个参考，也希望大家多多支持软件开发网。

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