Restful_framework视图组件代码实例解析
一、基本视图
写一个出版社的增删查改resful接口
要自己事先创建好django项目，并创建好表，添加完记录
路由：
url(r'^publish/$', views.PublishView.as_view()),
url(r'^publish/(?P<pk>\d+)/$', views.PublishDetailView.as_view()),
视图：
from api import modelsfrom rest_framework import serializersfrom rest_framework.response import Responsefrom rest_framework.views import APIView
class PublishSerializers(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model=models.Publish
fields='__all__'
class PublishView(APIView):
#查询出版社表中所有记录
def get(self, request):
publish_list = models.Publish.objects.all()
bs = PublishSerializers(publish_list, many=True)
# 序列化数据
return Response(bs.data) #返回的结果是列表中套字典
def post(self, request):
# 添加一条数据
print(request.data)
bs=PublishSerializers(data=request.data)
if bs.is_valid():
bs.save() # 生成记录
return Response(bs.data) #返回的是添加成功记录的字典
else:
return Response(bs.errors)
class PublishDetailView(APIView): #查询某一条数据
def get(self,request,pk):
publish_obj=models.Publish.objects.filter(pk=pk).first()
bs=PublishSerializers(publish_obj,many=False)
return Response(bs.data) #更新某一条数据
def put(self,request,pk):
publish_obj = models.Publish.objects.filter(pk=pk).first()
bs=PublishSerializers(data=request.data,instance=publish_obj)
if bs.is_valid():
bs.save() # update
return Response(bs.data)
else:
return Response(bs.errors) #删除某一条数据
def delete(self,request,pk):
models.Publish.objects.filter(pk=pk).delete()
return Response("")
二、mixins类和generic类编写视图
路由：
url(r'^publishes$', views.Publish.as_view()),
url(r'^publish/(?P<pk>\d+)', views.PublishDetail.as_view()),
视图：
from api import models
from rest_framework import serializers
from rest_framework import mixins
from rest_framework.generics import GenericAPIView
class PublishSer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model=models.Publish
fields='__all__'
class Publish(GenericAPIView,mixins.ListModelMixin,mixins.CreateModelMixin):
queryset = models.Publish.objects.all()
serializer_class = PublishSer
def get(self,request):
return self.list(request) #在ListModelMixin下有一个list方法，返回的就是查询的结果:Response(serializer.data)
def post(self,request):
return self.create(request) #已经封装好了，帮我们做校验和序列化，返回的是添加成功的记录
class PublishDetail(GenericAPIView,mixins.DestroyModelMixin,mixins.RetrieveModelMixin,mixins.UpdateModelMixin):
queryset = models.Publish.objects.all()
serializer_class = PublishSer
def get(self,request,*args, **kwargs):
return self.retrieve(request,*args, **kwargs)
def put(self,request,*args, **kwargs):
return self.update(request,*args, **kwargs)
def delete(self,request,*args, **kwargs):
return self.destroy(request,*args, **kwargs)
三、使用generic下ListCreateAPIView和RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView
路由：
url(r'^publishes$', views.Publish.as_view()),
url(r'^publish/(?P<pk>\d+)', views.PublishDetail.as_view()),
视图：
from api import models
from rest_framework import mixins
from rest_framework.generics import GenericAPIView
from rest_framework.generics import ListCreateAPIView,RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView
from rest_framework import serializers
class Publishser(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model=models.Publish
fields='__all__'
class Publish(ListCreateAPIView):
queryset = models.Publish.objects.all()
serializer_class = Publishser
class PublishDetail(RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView):
queryset = models.Publish.objects.all()
serializer_class = Publishser
四、使用ModelViewSet
路由：
url(r'^publish$',views.Publish.as_view({'get':'list','post':'create'})),
url(r'^publish/(?P<pk>\d+)', views.Publish.as_view({'get': 'retrieve', 'put': 'update', 'delete': 'destroy'})),
视图：
from rest_framework.viewsets import ModelViewSet
from api import models
from rest_framework import serializers
class Publishser(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model=models.Publish
fields='__all__'
class Publish(ModelViewSet):
queryset = models.Publish.objects.all()
serializer_class = Publishser
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