浅谈Docker-compose中的depends_on顺序的问题解决

Vevina ·

更新时间:2024-09-20

· 1337 次阅读

使用depends_on进行容器排序时并不能完美的解决容器之间的依赖问题，原因是因为 depends_on只能保证容器进入到运行状态而不是完全状态（不知道怎么描述了）。

网上已经列出来了解决方法，使用 wait-for-it或者 wait-for，在启动时对需要优先启动的容器进行访问，当可以访问成功时在启动，但是都不够详细，甚至很多都是同样的内容，（这里吐槽一下环境真乱）。

可能我比较笨，花了一天才解决，在这里记录下来。

我使用的是 wait-for ，wait-for-it.sh我测试的时候了出现了保错所以没用。

正文：

需求是要将一个打包好的 ar文件注册到nacos中，但是nacos启动较慢，就需要进行顺序的设置。

将需要的 jar文件删除到虚拟机或服务器。接下来编写 dockerfile和docker-compose


FROM openjdk:8-jre// 基于 openjdk 
COPY wait-for .// 将 wait-for 拷贝到虚拟机中
RUN apt-get update// 更新源，
RUN apt-get install netcat -y // 安装 netcat， wait-for 需要使用到
WORKDIR /app// 设置落脚点
ADD course.jar course.jar// 将 jar 文件 添加到 虚拟机中
EXPOSE 8002// 需要暴露的端口

我的配置是以图片为准的，代码块中的是为了更好的理解，想来应该没有差别。

docker-compose


version: '3.0'
services:
  nacos:
    image: nacos/nacos-server:1.1.4
    container_name: nacos
    ports:
      - "8848:8848"
    environment:
      MODE: standalone   # nacos 单节点运行
  course:
    build: /root/
    container_name: course
    ports:
      - "18002:18002"
    depends_on:
      - nacos
    command: ["sh","wait-for","nacos:8848","--","java","-jar","course.jar"]

这里就不做过多的解释了，与平常相差不大。

我之前查找到的帖子中，没有贴出dockerfile文件在这里最重要的就是，将 wait-for文件拷贝到虚拟机中，因为在 docker-compose中配置的command所使用的文件是容器中的，如果你没有拷贝那么将找不到文件。然后是 apt-get update和 apt-get install netcat -y则是安装 wait-for运行的环境

我的wait-for代码，26行为超时时间，刚开始是15，但是时间太短了容器超时我就设置为了 60，这是我唯一跟原来不一样的地方,之后就可以测试运行了


#!/bin/sh
# The MIT License (MIT)
#
# Copyright (c) 2017 Eficode Oy
#
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
# in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
# to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
# copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
#
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
# copies or substantial portions of the Software.
#
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
# OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
# SOFTWARE.
set -- "$@" -- "$TIMEOUT" "$QUIET" "$PROTOCOL" "$HOST" "$PORT" "$result"
TIMEOUT=60
QUIET=0
# The protocol to make the request with, either "tcp" or "http"
PROTOCOL="tcp"
echoerr() {
  if [ "$QUIET" -ne 1 ]; then printf "%s\n" "$*" 1>&2; fi
}
usage() {
  exitcode="$1"
  cat << USAGE >&2
Usage:
  $0 host:port|url [-t timeout] [-- command args]
  -q | --quiet                        Do not output any status messages
  -t TIMEOUT | --timeout=timeout      Timeout in seconds, zero for no timeout
  -- COMMAND ARGS                     Execute command with args after the test finishes
USAGE
  exit "$exitcode"
}
wait_for() {
  case "$PROTOCOL" in
    tcp)
      if ! command -v nc >/dev/null; then
        echoerr 'nc command is missing!'
        exit 1
      fi
      ;;
    wget)
      if ! command -v wget >/dev/null; then
        echoerr 'wget command is missing!'
        exit 1
      fi
      ;;
  esac
  while :; do
    case "$PROTOCOL" in
      tcp) 
        nc -w 1 -z "$HOST" "$PORT" > /dev/null 2>&1
        ;;
      http)
        wget --timeout=1 -q "$HOST" -O /dev/null > /dev/null 2>&1 
        ;;
      *)
        echoerr "Unknown protocol '$PROTOCOL'"
        exit 1
        ;;
    esac
    result=$?
    if [ $result -eq 0 ] ; then
      if [ $# -gt 7 ] ; then
        for result in $(seq $(($# - 7))); do
          result=$1
          shift
          set -- "$@" "$result"
        done
        TIMEOUT=$2 QUIET=$3 PROTOCOL=$4 HOST=$5 PORT=$6 result=$7
        shift 7
        exec "$@"
      fi
      exit 0
    fi
    if [ "$TIMEOUT" -le 0 ]; then
      break
    fi
    TIMEOUT=$((TIMEOUT - 1))
    sleep 1
  done
  echo "Operation timed out" >&2
  exit 1
}
while :; do
  case "$1" in
    http://*|https://*)
    HOST="$1"
    PROTOCOL="http"
    shift 1
    ;;
    *:* )
    HOST=$(printf "%s\n" "$1"| cut -d : -f 1)
    PORT=$(printf "%s\n" "$1"| cut -d : -f 2)
    shift 1
    ;;
    -q | --quiet)
    QUIET=1
    shift 1
    ;;
    -q-*)
    QUIET=0
    echoerr "Unknown option: $1"
    usage 1
    ;;
    -q*)
    QUIET=1
    result=$1
    shift 1
    set -- -"${result#-q}" "$@"
    ;;
    -t | --timeout)
    TIMEOUT="$2"
    shift 2
    ;;
    -t*)
    TIMEOUT="${1#-t}"
    shift 1
    ;;
    --timeout=*)
    TIMEOUT="${1#*=}"
    shift 1
    ;;
    --)
    shift
    break
    ;;
    --help)
    usage 0
    ;;
    -*)
    QUIET=0
    echoerr "Unknown option: $1"
    usage 1
    ;;
    *)
    QUIET=0
    echoerr "Unknown argument: $1"
    usage 1
    ;;
  esac
done
if ! [ "$TIMEOUT" -ge 0 ] 2>/dev/null; then
  echoerr "Error: invalid timeout '$TIMEOUT'"
  usage 3
fi
case "$PROTOCOL" in
  tcp)
    if [ "$HOST" = "" ] || [ "$PORT" = "" ]; then
      echoerr "Error: you need to provide a host and port to test."
      usage 2
    fi
  ;;
  http)
    if [ "$HOST" = "" ]; then
      echoerr "Error: you need to provide a host to test."
      usage 2
    fi
  ;;
esac
wait_for "$@"

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