django写单元测试的方法

Bonnie ·

更新时间:2024-11-10

· 1717 次阅读

从网上找了很多django单元测试的案例，感觉不是很好用，于是自己写了一套测试方法，在测试环境我们只需要传uri 、请求方式、参数即可一键对所有接口进行测试。

一、使用requests模拟Http请求

假设你执行成功的返回的json格式如下:


{
  "code": 0,
  "message": "OK",
  "data": {
    "first": false,
    "token": "3eeeb5bdad75cbe442fd9c6df5373550"
  },
  "elapsed": 96
}

我写了一个公共的测试方法test(),def test(method, url, body_data=None, query_string=None, rest_query_string=None): pass, 传uri 、请求方式、参数(query_string,body或者rest都支持)即可，如下代码可在tests.py文件里执行。


from django.test import TestCase
# Create your tests here.
# coding:utf-8
from django.test import TestCase, Client
import os
import requests
import json
user = "1234567"
host = "http://localhost:8006/app"
false = False
true = True
null = None
token = None
POST = "POST"
GET = "GET"
DELETE = "DELETE"
PUT = "PUT"
headers = {'content-Type': 'application/json', 'Accept': '*/*'}
login_data = json.dumps({"phone": user,
                         "pwd": "e10adc3949ba59abbe56e057f20f883e",
                         "login_type": 0,
                         "identifier": "",
                         "role": 0})
login = requests.post(host + "/login", data=login_data, headers=headers)
login_content = eval(login.content.decode("utf-8"))
if login_content["code"] == 0:
    print("login 成功")
    token = login_content["data"]["token"]
    print("token:" + token)
else:
    print("login fail")
if not token:
    raise Exception("登录异常")
headers["user-token"] = token
def test(method, url, body_data=None, query_string=None, rest_query_string=None):
    if query_string:
        url = host + url + (str(rest_query_string) if rest_query_string is not None else "") + "?" + query_string
    else:
        url = host + url + (str(rest_query_string) if rest_query_string is not None else "")
    if method in [POST, DELETE, PUT] and body_data:
        body_data = json.dumps(body_data)
    response_data = requests.request(method, url, data=body_data, headers=headers)
    response_data = response_data.content.decode("utf-8")
    if response_data.find("\"code\": 0") != -1:
        print(url + " 成功!")
    else:
        print(url + " 失败!" + response_data)
test(GET, "/check_token/", rest_query_string=token)
test(GET, "/get/child")

我们只需要一键执行tests.py文件就能看到效果，如下:

二、优化代码将测试结果优雅地输出到md文件里

优化test方法, 添加样式，md文件支持读取样式。


def test(method, url, body_data=None, query_string=None, rest_query_string=None):
    if query_string:
        url = host + url + (str(rest_query_string) if rest_query_string is not None else "") + "?" + query_string
    else:
        url = host + url + (str(rest_query_string) if rest_query_string is not None else "")
    if method in [POST, DELETE, PUT] and body_data:
        body_data = json.dumps(body_data)
    response_data = requests.request(method, url, data=body_data, headers=headers)
    response_data = response_data.content.decode("utf-8")
    status = "<font color='red'>失败</font>"
    if response_data.find("\"code\": 0") != -1:
        status = "<font color='green'>成功</font>"
        print(url + " 成功!")
    else:
        print(url + " 失败!")
    response_data = "```json\n" + response_data + "\n```"
    print("url: " + url + "\n返回状态: " + status + "\n响应数据:\n" + response_data, file=file)