C语言实现单链表的基本功能详解

Gella ·

更新时间:2024-11-14

· 586 次阅读

1.首先简单了解一下链表的概念:

要注意的是链表是一个结构体实现的一种线性表,它只能从前往后,不可以从后往前(因为next只保存下一个节点的地址).在实现单链表的操作时,需要用指针来操作.很简单,注释写的很详细,欢迎大家指正哈哈哈哈~之前写的太烂了重新写了一下.....

2.代码展示:


#include <stdio.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
typedef struct linklist {
int data;
struct linklist* next;
}node;
//目录
//1.动态申请节点
node* Creatnode(int x);
//2.单链表的尾插
void PushBack(node** plist, int x);
//3.单链表的打印
void Printlist(node** plist);
//4.单链表尾删
void Popback(node** plist);
//5.单链表的头插
void PushFront(node** plist, int x);
//6.单链表的头删
void PopFrount(node** plist);
//7.单链表的查找
node* Findpos(node* plist, int x);
//8.单链表在pos位置之后插入x
void Insertlinstafter(node* pos, int x);
//9.单链表删除pos位置之后的元素
void PopPosAfter(node* pos);
//10.单链表的销毁
void Destorylist(node** plist);
//1.动态申请节点
node*  Creatnode(int x) {
node* t = (node*)malloc(sizeof(node));
if (t == NULL) {
assert(0);
return NULL;
}
else {
t->next = NULL;
t->data = x;
return t;
}
}
//2.单链表的尾插
void PushBack(node** plist, int x) {
assert(plist);
if (*plist == NULL) {
*plist = Creatnode(x);
}
else {
node* p = *plist;
while (p->next) {
p = p->next;
}
p->next = Creatnode(x);
}
}
//3.单链表的打印
void Printlist(node** plist) {
assert(plist);
node* p =* plist;
while (p) {
printf("%d ", p->data);
p = p->next;
}
}
//4.单链表尾删
void Popback(node** plist) {
assert(plist);
if (*plist == NULL) {
return NULL;
}
node* p = *plist;
node* q = NULL;
while (p->next) {
q = p;
p = p->next;
}
q->next =NULL;
free(p);
}
//5.单链表的头插
void PushFront(node** plist, int x) {
assert(plist);
node* t = Creatnode(x);
if (NULL == *plist) {
*plist = t;
}
else {
t->next = *plist;
*plist = t;
}
}
//6.单链表的头删
void PopFrount(node** plist) {
assert(plist);
if (plist == NULL) {
return NULL;
}
else {
node* p = *plist;
*plist = p->next;
free(p);
}
}
//7.单链表的查找
node* Findpos(node* plist, int x) {
node* cur = plist;
while (cur) {
if (cur->data == x) {
return cur;
}
cur = cur->next;
}
return NULL;
}
//8.单链表在pos位置之后插入x
void Insertlinstafter(node* pos, int x) {
assert(pos);
if (NULL == pos) {
return ;
}
node* t = Creatnode(x);
t->next = pos->next;
pos->next = t;
}
//9.单链表删除pos位置之后的元素
void PopPosAfter(node* pos) {
assert(pos);
if (pos->next == NULL) {
return;
}
else{
node* p = pos->next;
pos->next = p->next;
free(p);
}
}
//10.单链表的销毁
void Destorylist(node** plist) {
assert(plist);
node* p = *plist;
while (p) {
*plist = p->next;
free(p);
p = *plist;
}
*plist = NULL;
}
void test1() {
node* plist=NULL;//创建头指针
PushBack(&plist, 1);//尾插元素
PushBack(&plist, 2);
PushBack(&plist, 3);
PushBack(&plist, 4);
PushBack(&plist, 5);
Printlist(&plist);//打印链表元素  1 2 3 4 5 
printf("\n");
Popback(&plist); //尾删元素      
PushFront(&plist, 0);//首插元素0    
Printlist(&plist);//打印链表   0 1 2 3 4
printf("\n");
PopFrount(&plist);//首删元素0  
Printlist(&plist);//打印链表   1 2 3 4
printf("\n");
Findpos(plist,1);//寻找链表中1的地址,不方便演示,下面会演示
Insertlinstafter(Findpos(plist, 4), 5);//在4后面插入5,用到上面的Findpos函数
Printlist(&plist);//打印链表   1 2 3 4 5
printf("\n");
PopPosAfter(Findpos(plist, 4));//删除指定位置后面的元素(删除4后面的5)
Printlist(&plist);//打印链表    1 2 3 4
printf("\n");
Destorylist(&plist);//销毁链表
Printlist(&plist);//打印链表
}
void test() {
test1();
}
int main() {
test();
return 0;
}

3.测试结果:

a.先创建了头指针plist

b.尾插1 2 3 4 5

c. 尾删元素5

d.首插元素0

e.首删元素0

f.在元素4 后面插入5

g.删除4元素后面的5

h.销毁链表