python调用mysql数据库通常通过mysqldb模块,简单说下如何调用
1.安装驱动
目前有两个MySQL的驱动,我们可以选择其中一个进行安装:
1. MySQL-python:是封装了MySQL C驱动的Python驱动;
2.mysql-connector-python:是MySQL官方的纯Python驱动。
这里使用MySQL-python驱动,即MySQLdb模块。
命令行安装
pip install python-mysql
或者在pycharm包中安装
源码安装方式
访问: http://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/,下载MySQL_python-1.2.5-cp27-none-win_amd64.whl
将其拷贝到Python安装目录下的Scripts目录下,在文件位置打开cmd,执行pip install MySQL_python-1.2.5-cp27-none-win_amd64.whl
验证,python(command line)输入import MySQLdb,没报错,说明安装成功。
测试连接:
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
import MySQLdb
# 连接数据库 连接地址 账号 密码 数据库 数据库编码
db = MySQLdb.connect("localhost", "root", "123456", "test" , charset="utf8")
# 使用cursor()方法获取操作游标
cursor = db.cursor()
# 使用execute方法执行SQL语句
cursor.execute("SELECT VERSION()")
# 使用 fetchone() 方法获取一条数据库。
data = cursor.fetchone()
print "Database version : %s " % data
# 关闭数据库连接
db.close()
示例1:
#!/usr/bin/python
# coding=utf-8
import MySQLdb
import os, sys
import json
class MysqlDb(object):
def __init__(self):
self.host = "127.0.0.1"
@staticmethod
def get_connect():
db = MySQLdb.connect(self.host , "mail_report", "mail_report", "mailawst", charset="utf8")
return db
def get_mysql_info(self,start_time,end_time):
tmp = []
db = self.get_connect()
sql = 'select send_time,mail_id,mail_addr,server_domain,server_ip,mail_status from real_mail_log where send_time > "%s" and send_time < "%s" limit 10;' % (start_time,end_time)
cursor = db.cursor()
cursor.execute(sql)
values = cursor.fetchall()
for i in values:
data = {}
data["send_time"] = str(i[0])
data["mail_id"] = str(i[1])
data["mail_addr"]= str(i[2])
data["server_domain"] = str(i[3])
data["server_ip"] = str(i[4])
data["mail_status"]= str(i[5].encode('utf8'))
tmp.append(data)
data = json.dumps(tmp,ensure_ascii=False)
db.close()
return data
def main():
u = MysqlDb()
print u.get_mysql_info('2017-05-01 00:00:02','2017-05-01 00:50:03')
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
示例2:
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
import MySQLdb
# 打开数据库连接
db = MySQLdb.connect("localhost", "root", "123456", "test")
# 使用cursor()方法获取操作游标
cursor = db.cursor()
# SQL插入语句
ins_sql = """INSERT INTO EMPLOYEE(FIRST_NAME,
LAST_NAME, AGE, SEX, INCOME)
VALUES ('yu', 'jie', 20, 'M', 8000)"""
ins_sql1 = 'insert into employee(first_name, last_name, age, sex, income) values (%s, %s, %s, %s, %s)'
# SQL查询语句
sel_sql = 'select * from employee where first_name = %s'
# SQL更新语句
upd_sql = 'update employee set age = %s where sex = %s'
# SQL删除语句
del_sql = 'delete from employee where first_name = %s'
try:
# 执行sql语句
# insert
cursor.execute(ins_sql)
cursor.execute(ins_sql1, ('xu', 'f', 20, 'M', 8000))
# select
cursor.execute(sel_sql, ('yu',))
values = cursor.fetchall()
print values
# update
cursor.execute(upd_sql, (24, 'M',))
# delete
cursor.execute(del_sql, ('xu',))
# 提交到数据库执行
db.commit()
except:
# 发生错误时回滚
db.rollback()
# 关闭数据库连接
db.close()
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