ansible变量
变量优先级由小到大排列（优先级大的变量可以覆盖优先级大的变量）：
command line values (eg “-u user”)
role defaults [1]
inventory file or script group vars [2]
inventory group_vars/all [3]
playbook group_vars/all [3]
inventory group_vars/* [3]
playbook group_vars/* [3]
inventory file or script host vars [2]
inventory host_vars/* [3]
playbook host_vars/* [3]
host facts / cached set_facts [4]
play vars
play vars_prompt
play vars_files
role vars (defined in role/vars/main.yml)
block vars (only for tasks in block)
task vars (only for the task)
include_vars
set_facts / registered vars
role (and include_role) params
include params
extra vars (always win precedence)
1.命令行参数extra_vars
–extra_vars = -e
ansible test70 -e "pkg=httpd" -m yum -a "name=httpd state=present"
$ vim install.yml
---
- hosts: node
remote_user: root
tasks:
- name: install httpd service
yum: name={{ pkg }} state=present
ansible-playbook install.yml --extra-vars " pkg = httpd"
ansible-playbook install.yml -i -e " pkg = httpd"
2. inventory 主机清单中定义的变量
$ cat /etc/ansible/hosts
[load-node]
openstack-load1
openstack-load2
[compute-node]
openstack-compute1 ansible_ssh_host=10.0.1.10 ansible_ssh_port=2002 ansible_ssh_user=stanley ansible_ssh_pass=etyfhzmweadf
openstack-compute2
[control-node]
openstack-control1 filename=control1.txt # 主机变量
openstack-control2 filename=control2.txt
[openstack:children]
load-node
compute-node
control-node
[openstack:vars]
issue="Hello, World" # 组变量
3. ansible-playbook中vars、vars_files定义的变量
vars
$ vim yaml/vars.yaml
- hosts: compute-node
remote_user: root
vars:
pkg: httpd # 定义变量
tasks:
- name: install httpd service
yum: name={{ pkg }} state=present
vars_files
$ vim /tmp/var.yaml
pkg: httpd
$ vim install.yml
---
- hosts: all
gather_facts: False
vars_files:
- /tmp/var.yaml
tasks:
- name: install httpd service
yum: name={{ pkg }} state=present
多变量
$ vim hello.yaml
---
- name: hosts ip
hosts: 192.168.1.190
remote_user: root
vars:
client: liming
country: china
tasks:
- name: "echo a word"
debug:
msg: "Hello World, {{client}}, my {{country}} friend!"
$ ansible-playbook hello.yaml --syntax-check
$ ansible-playbook hello.yaml
PLAY [hosts ip] ****************************************************************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] *********************************************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.1.190]
TASK [echo a word] *************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.1.190] => {
"msg": "Hello World, liming, my china friend!"
}
PLAY RECAP *********************************************************************************************************************************
192.168.1.190 : ok=2 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=0
$ ansible-playbook hello.yaml -e "client=xiaogang, country=japan"
$ ansible-playbook hello.yaml -e '{"client": "xiaogang", "country": "japan"}'
变量值为列表
$ vim hello.yaml
---
- name: hosts ip
hosts: localhost
remote_user: root
vars:
client: liming
country: china
tasks:
- name: "echo a word"
debug:
msg: "Hello World, {{client[0]}} {{client[1]}} and {{client[0]}},my {{country}} friends!"
$ ansible-playbook hello.yaml -e '{"client": ["xiaohua""john","hugo"], "country": "japan"}'
$ vim clients
country: china
client:
- liming
- xiaogang
- xuanzi
ansible-playbook hello.yaml -e "@clients"
vars_prompt(可实现人机交互）
$ vim print.yml
---
- hosts: test70
remote_user: root
vars_prompt:
- name: "your_name"
prompt: "What is your name"
private: no #当该值为yes，则用户的输入不会被打印，否则反之。
- name: "your_age"
prompt: "How old are you"
private: no
tasks:
- name: output vars
debug:
msg: Your name is {{your_name}},You are {{your_age}} years old.
4. 注册变量
$ vim date.yaml
---
- hosts: localhost
remote_user: root
tasks:
- name: show date
shell: "/bin/date"
register: date # 注册一个变量
- name: Record time log
shell: "echo {{ date.stdout }} > /tmp/date.log"
$ ansible-playbook date.yaml
$ cat /tmp/date.log
Mon Feb 17 00:23:47 CST 2020
作者：ghostwritten
